Pratapgiri Fort

Pratapgiri Fort is located on Pedda gutta near prathapgiri village, Kataram Mandal, Jayashankar Bhupalpally district, Telangana State, India.

The undated six-line inscription available on the fort wall tells that the fort was constructed by Muchanayanimgaru, also known as Muppa Nayakudu lieutenant of Prola Raja-I.  Since Prataparudra, the last king of Kakatiya dynasty, who faced the might of Delhi Sultanate, used the fort frequently; it acquired the name of Pratapagiri fort.

The ramparts of Pratapagiri hill fort nestled in the impenetrable jungle 240 kilometres northeast of Hyderabad is one such a fortification aimed at foiling enemies' invasions especially the Muslim armies on Kakatiya capital, Warangal.

Afar and tough to reach even today, the Pratapagiri fort, believed to have built by Kakatiya king Prola Raju-I, located on a hillock locally known as Pedda Gutta, is said to be the first line of defence before the invading forces make any surge onto the terrain. The fort is strategically located to keep a round-the-clock surveillance of enemies invading from the north India. The hill fort offered a superb view of enemies crossing the River Godavari, which is 3 kilometres, so that they could plan an attack.

The fort has a tunnel, an escape route used by the kings in case of emergency in those days. The exit of the tunnel, which was filled with vegetation and silt, is only seen these days. The locals believe that the Kakatiya kings hid treasure in the tunnel fearing invasions from Delhi Sultanate – Alauddin Khalji. 

The fortification strategies of Kakatiyas, who sagely used forests, hillocks and river banks, indicate the kind of warfare they adopted, he said. The Gonthemmagutta (hillock), which is three kilometres away from Pratapagiri fort, also has 1.5 kilometre fortification wall. It's easy to scale and deal for adventure sports, Aravind said.

Pratapgiri fort is located about 35km from the District headquarters Jayashankar (Bhupalpally) town in the dense forests of Kataram and Mahadevpur area near prathapagiri and and Rapallekota villages

Visitors have to walk at least 5km from Prathapagiri village through dense forest to reach the hillock,

it is referred to as Vana Durgam and also Giri Durgam.

https://www.thehansindia.com/telangana/an-impregnable-fort-amid-dense-forest-in-bhupalpally-525904

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Kapuram Fort

Kapuram Fort or Kapuram Khilla is located in Kapuram village, Malhar Rao mandal in Jayashankar Bhupalpally district, Telangana State, India.

Situated in the dense forest about 42 km away from the district headquarters, Kapuram Guttalu (hillocks) also known as Kapuram Khilla is calling for the attention of tourism officials.

While there are three hillocks with a height ranging between 200 to 250 feet, people can scale only one of them with difficulty, for a jaw-dropping experience. The hillocks resemble landscapes of Utah, Colorado, in the USA.

From October to June, people can visit these hillocks. But one should take the help of local residents (Nayakaopodu tribals) during this expedition. The hillocks are not accessible during the monsoon season,” he said, adding that it was not safe to visit the place without the help of the locals as these hillocks are the habitat of some wild animals like sloth bears and others. A stream also flows adjacent to these hillocks.

According to archaeology enthusiast Aravind Arya Pakide, the hillocks were used as a military base during the reign of the Kakatiyas. “We can see the remnants of the fort on the hillocks,” Aravind said.

The hillocks, which are part of the deciduous scrub forests, are the habitat of 80 species of hawks, eagles apart from rare species of butterflies including Banded peacocks. The place is also known for medicinal plants.

Aravind said that the Kapuram Fort (Khilla) needs to be identified as a historical site and steps must be taken to conserve it besides promoting eco-tourism activities by providing road facilities.

Former DFO K Purushotham, who also worked as the DFO of Bhupalpally district, said that the place was once a habitat of the big cat.

When contacted, Kalyanapu Suman who is the Eco-Tourism manager for erstwhile Warangal district said he had made a presentation at the DTPC on the tourism potential following the directions from the then-District Collector and chairman of DTPC, Mohammad Abdul Azeem, and were chalking out plans to promote eco-tourism activities at the Kapuram hills along with other places including Nainpaka temples, Boggulavagu project and Prathapagiri Fort.

 

https://telanganatoday.com/call-to-conserve-ancient-hillocks-in-bhupalpally

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Jayashankar Bhupalpally District History

Vijayanagara Empire
1377 AD - 1404 AD : Harihara Raya II 

1397 AD : Prince Devaraya (1406 AD - 1422 AD)  son of Harihara Raya II
28th February, A.D. 1397 : Kaleshwaram.
This inscription is on one pillar of 16-Pillared mandapa of Muktesvara temple from Kaleshwaram, dated Saka 1319, Isvara, 1st day of the year, Wednesday, corresponding to the 28th February 1397 A.D., states in a verse in Sardulavikridita that Devaraya, the son of Harihara, performed the tulapurusha on the occasion of his digvijaya. It was obviously under orders of his father Harihara that Prince Devaraya undertook this campaign of Conquest. The Velugoyivarivamsavali alludes to a number of clashes of the Velamas, who sided with the Bahmani Sultans, with the Vijayanagara kings (Further Sources of Vijayanagara History, Vol. I, pp. 82-83). The Panugallu inscription (cf. op.cit., Vol. II, pp. 38-39), dated 6 months later than this record, refers to the capture of the fort of Panungal by Immadi Bukka, assisted by his son Ananta.

Devaraya was governing the eastern province of the Udayagiri rajya. Kalesvaram where Devaraya celebrated the festival of his digvijaya, was situated at the time in the territories of the Recherla Nayaks of Telingana. The cause of the expedition must be sought in the enmity that existed between them and the Rayas of Vijayanagara, on account of the former`s alliance with the Bahmani Sultans of Gulbarga, the hereditary foes of the Rayas.

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Rock art of Telangana

Rock art is a form of landscape art that includes designs that have been placed on boulder and cliff faces, cave walls and ceilings, and on the ground surface.

Petroglyphs are rock carvings (rock paintings are called pictographs) made by pecking directly on the rock surface using a stone chisel and a hammerstone. 

Of all the questions with regard to rock art the most problematic is its dating. For the relative dating of rock art the following aspects are taken into consideration. 

They are: 1. Thematic content 2. Superimposition 3. State of preservation 4. Colour scheme 5. Archaeological evidence.

1. Thematic content
The thematic content in the rock art of Telangana mainly consists of animal figures such as deer species, humped bull (Bos indicus), hare, rabbit , mangoose, porcupine, dog, tiger etc., and birds such as peacock, human and anthropomorphic figures, hand prints and geometric figures.

The thematic content of the paintings and also the petroglyphs, is useful for understanding their chronological position. 

Mesolithic / Middle Stone Age: Hunting gathering phase
Deer and associated human figures. All the animal figures are of wild life and none domesticated. Human figures are shown in isolation, never as hunter. The deer figures are drawn naturalistically. All the paintings are in red colour. No petroglyphs are found in this phase

Paintings of the deer figures occur in the earliest phase of the rock art data in Telangana. Besides deer figures other wild animals such as hare, rabbit, mangoose, porcupine, birds etc., human and anthropomorphic figures occupy the next place. None of the animals in the first phase of painting activity are domesticated. The animals are painted, realistically and often at higher reaches of the rock shelter wall. 

Neolithic : Food producing phase 

Humped bull figures and associated schematic deer figures. In the humped bull paintings phase there were no wild animals, where ever they occur they are schematic or stylised but never realistic as in the case of the first phase of rock paintings

Domestication of animals such as bull and dog. Petroglyphs make their appearance in which also humped bull figures predominate. The anthropomorphic figures are less in number compared to the previous phase along with geometric symbols. Human figures with bows and arrows appear in this phase.

Megalithic / Iron Age : Metal using phase 

The horse and horse riding and fighting human figures with swords and shields, bow and arrow indicate the emergence of iron tool technology associated with huge burial monuments of the megalithic. This iron age art is almost exclusively petroglyphic in content.

Horses, iron tools of offensive nature such as swords, lances, shields, bows and arrows, human figures brandshing these weapons, in praying posture before geometric symbol etc. Both petroglyphs and pictographs display these themes. The colours used in the paintings are white, red and black in that order of preference. Narrative scenes are the characteristic feature of this phase.

Historical phase
Horses, elephants, warriors, humans riding the animals, painted inscriptions, religious symbols, signify the historical phase of painting activity. Animal figures as well as human and anthropomorphic figures are very schematic. In the advanced phase of historical paintings scenes of Mahabharata, Brahmi and Kannada inscriptions occur. 

Thus, on the basis of thematic content of the paintings 4 phases of painting and art activity can be delineated

2. Superimpositions and state of preservation
This criteria is also useful for categorizing the rock art phases. This criteria can be used to corrobarate the phases made out on the basis of the thematic content. The basic premise, in considering the superimposition for answering the question of chronology, is that if two paintings are superimposed one over the other, the one in the lowest position indicate that it is earlier than the painting superimposing it. However, the gap between there two paintings in terms of age, can only be indicated relatively. The state of preservation of the superimposed painting can be of some utility. If the superimposed painting is faded and the superimposing one is fresh, then it can be said that the superimposed painted figure is relatively older than superimposing one. If the thematic content also varies in the superimpositions, then it can be
safely identified their relative antiquity in terms of prehistoric phases. The basic premise again in considering the state of preservation in the question of chronology is that when the paintings in a rock shelter are exposed to the ravages of nature uniformly, their state of preservation must also be uniform. In the paintings if same figures are fresh in condition and some are faded then this state of preservation must indicate their relative age.

3. Colour schemes
Some times the colour scheme of the paintings will also be useful in identifying the age of the rock paintings. In the paintings depicting the hunting gathering economy of the authors, only the red colour is used. In the paintings of the food producing economy also red colour is used in majority of the cases. Occasionally white colour is also utilized. In the metal using culture phase, the paintings are done in white, red and black in that order of preference.

4. Archaeological evidences
Circumstancial archaeological evidence from the surface, in and around the rock art site or within the rock shelters is useful to arrive at a relative dating of the rock art phases. This evidence however, is useful as a corroborative to the classification made on the basis of themes, colour schemes state of preservation and superimpositions.

Thus for dating the rock art of any region in India, the above criteria are used by the scholars. 

Let us now turn to the rock art of Telangana. An attempt will now be made to date the
various phases of rock art from various sites. 

The classification of the rock art phases has already been done while discussing the rock art themes of individual sites.

Previously known 17 known rock art sites in Telangana.

They are Bollavaram, Dupadugattu, Dongala gattu tanda, Jupalle Mudumula and Sanganonipalli in

Mahaboobnagar district, 

Edthanur, Sivaru , Ramachandrapuram and Wargal in Medak district

Budigapalli, Regonda, Rekonda, and Ramagundam in Karimnagar district; 

Ramachandrapuram in Khammam district, 

Kokapet in Ranga Reddy district;

Pandavula gutta in Jayashankar Bhupalpally.

Paleolithic Stone Age rock art 

Paleolithic Rock art paintings have been found at Pandavula gutta (Regonda mandal) and Narsapur (Tadvai mandal) in the Jayashankar Bhupalpally district.

In a significant discovery, new evidence of upper palaeolithic age rock art has been found in Rachakonda.A huge boulder in the shape of heart has been found on the north bank of Bayati Cheruvu (Anapota Samudram) inside the West gate of Rachakona Fort. The tool, chiselled in black basalt stone, seems to have been used as a hand axe and chopper by nomadic people. The age of such tool users in Telugu states is 50,000 BCE to 12,500 BCE.

In a rare discovery, historians have uncovered rock art that is believed to have originated in the Paleolithic age in Telangana's Nallamudi in Jagannadhapuram of Bhadradri-Kothagudem district.

The art pieces were found at the feet of Ontigundu in the lime-stone hills near a place of worship of the Naikpods, an Adivasi community. Members of the team included the Telangana Jagruthi history wing, Rock Art Society of India (RASI), rock art enthusiast Kondaveeti Gopi and scientist K Gnaneshwar.

According to history enthusiasts, the site also has certain rock art with white coloured-edges.
Haragopal said that though rock art forms found recently across Telangana are similar to the latest findings, the Ontigundu findings hail from mid-Paleolithic age to late-upper Paleolithic age.

New Telangana History Group (NTHG), which is looking for hidden art treasures, which could back to the palaeolithic age, has found rock art at Fakkeeroni mitta near Medikonda village in Jogulamba Gadwal district.
Rock art comprises images of tigers, human shapes, and wild animals. The expression of the artist clearly depicts the depth of his understanding of the mechanics of this art form.

Though such images were identified earlier in rock art found in Pandavula gutta, Goparajapalli, Hastalapur, Vatti Malla, the Medikonda rock art is different, Reddy said. ‘A man hunting the tiger’ is a distinctive one as it was not found elsewhere in Telangana state so far, he said.

In 2014, when Telangana state was formed, there were only 18 places where rock art was found. Now the number of rock shelters has gone up to 60, Reddy said. Of them, 18 were discovered by the archaeology department and 16 by others, while the New Telangana History Group has found 26 to date.

Mesolithic Middle Stone Age rock art
The mesolithic rock art is found both in a single culture as well as multi culture contexts. Sanganonipalli and pandavula gutta sites are exclusive mesolithic rock art sites, while at Budigapalli and Dupadugattu mesolithic rock paintings occur along with rock paintings of other culture phases.

Kasipeta Rock art in Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district
A prehistoric rock shelter with rock paintings from the Mesolithic age, megalithic burials and microliths have been found on a small hillock near Kasipet hamlet of Yavapur gram panchayat in Bommalaramaram mandal in Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district. The explorers found microliths (stone tools) from the Mesolithic period at another location of the hillock. A continuation of civilisation was seen here, as cairns, cists and a menhir, which are forms of Megalithic burials, were also found at the site. 

“The hillock is about 30 feet tall and we identified many red ochre colour paintings on the inner side. On the other hand, many paintings were erased as locals applied lime coating on them as part of worship. The human figure standing behind four bison was drawn using an X pattern. The other human figure painting is similar to the petroglyph of a man with a weapon at the Regonda site,” said Sriramoju Haragopal, convener of Kotha Telangana Charitra Brundam.

A prehistoric rock painting of animals and men were spotted at Pyararam village in Bommalaramaram mandal in Yadadri-Bhongir district. The team noticed occurrences of Mesolithic stone tools and Neolithic grooves in the close proximity of the site. The rock shelter was also depicted with a full figure of a lady carrying something on her head belonging to the early historic period and two human couples engaged in erotic postures datable to the medieval period 15th-16th Centuries. The fresh evidence clearly revealed that the rock shelter continued to be habitable right from the Mesolithic times to the medieval period, he added.

An ancient rock art site dating back to the mesolithic era was discovered at Ramappagutta, a hillock located close to Nampally town in the Rajanna-Sircilla. Estimated to be at least 10,000 years old, this rock art having paintings of two snakes, three tortoises, human figures and grass was found by A Karunakar and Joel of the KTCB.

Similar discoveries were made at Kukunoorpally and Thimmareddipally villages in Siddipet district in the past, where the rock art sites were located atop the hillocks, whereas the site found in Wargal near Gajwel is located close to the base of the hillock, which is a neolithic rock art site. In the past, inside a cave at the base of a hillock in Vattimalla village of Konaraopet mandal in Sircilla, paintings of a tiger and other figures were discovered.

In a fresh find, pre-historic rock paintings belonging to the Mesolithic period were discovered on the banks of the Krishna river on the Telangana side. The uniquely styled rock paintings are located in Patha Kisthapuram, a village that will be submerged by the Pulichintala projects in Mellacheruvu mandal of Nalgonda district.

A 2,000-year-old port was also found near the fort where ships used to anchor. Of the nine forts believed to be from either the Sathavahana, Ikshavakula or Rashtrakuta period, only one has been explored so far by archaeologists.

These are some of the rare rock paintings. Similar paintings are found in Hastalpur. Some of the paintings are of bulls. Going by the depiction of bulls with horns and reproductive organs. They could be from the Chalcolithic age," he said. This refers to a period between 3500 and 1700 BC.

Neolithic Copper Age Rock art (Chalcolithic period) - 4000 BCE to 1750 BCE

The neolithic rock art is found in two sites, Budigapalli in the Husnabad Mandal in Siddipet district and Dupadugattu in the Kodangal taluk of Mahaboobnagar district. The neolithic rock art at these sites is characterised by humped bulls, the hall mark the neolithic art both petroglyphic and pictographic of South India as a whole. At Budigapalli a humped bull is very realistically drawn in flat wash along with some geometric symbols and human figures datable to succeeding culture periods. In view of the state of preservation of this humped bull figures it can be dated to the neolithic period.

Kotha Telangana Charitra Brundam discovered Copper Age rock paintings near Nandipet village in Mahabubnagar district. On a small hillock a few kilometers away from the village, images of a leopard opposite to a bow-clad hunter, a deer with long horns, and a long-tailed animal were found painted. These are similar to rock art in Kokapet, Ranagareddy district.

A group exploring Moosapet suburb, which is part of Greater Hyderabad in Mahaboobnagar district of Telangana for developing the hill as a spiritual centre and tourist spot, has made a startling discovery. They came across a rock bruising of a bull which dates back to the early phase of the Neolithic period.

The team was surveying the area to prepare a masterplan for development of the entire hill as a spiritual centre, an ecotourism spot and heritage tourism destination.

Members of the Kotha Telangana Charitra Brundam made the discovery of two neolithic celts (small axes) under the Tortoise Rock formation which is now a traffic island near BNR Hills in Hyderabad. “We were looking for prehistoric rock art in the form of paintings or sketches but noticed two stone axes on the floor of the natural shelter. The axes measure 12.0x7.2x2.1 cms and 9.2x3.9x2.2 cms in length, width, and thickness respectively,” informed archaeologist E. Sivanagi Reddy.

Megalithic Iron Age : Metal using phase 

Explorers also found dozens of dolmens (burial sites) on the the surface of Gajjelonigutta near Nandipet village in Mahabubnagar district in damaged state. Dolmens belongs to (Megalithic) Iron Age.

A team of historians and archaeologists from the Kotha Telangana Charitra Brundam (KTCB) identified prehistoric paintings on the rock of Burka Gutta at a cave in the Sircilla district. The lizard and anthropomorphic images found here are comparable to those found in Ontigundu. In the square, the scorpion, the two lower circles, and triangles appear to be a stage and a human figure with raised arms. Circles, triangles and vertical and horizontal lines are inward – showing a foot pattern with six limbs. There were two dogs and some discolored and unrecognisable images,” he added.

The rock art expert Bandi Muralidhar Reddy, advisor of the history group, opined that the paintings belong to the megalithic era.

Neolithic Age rock art

A new prehistoric rock art site has been discovered in Medikonda village of Jogulamba Gadwal district, inside a cave located atop a hillock, at a height of around 240 metres.

The rock arts depict images of a large tiger-like animal, a stag with antlers, a small mouse deer-like animal, a hunting scene and two humans standing beside each other.

The discovery was reported by a government school teacher Hanumannagiri Vemareddy, along with his friends T Padmareddy and S Hanmatareddy, all of whom are members of the collective Kottha Telangana Charitram (KTC). KTC members say the rock art is from the pre-neolithic period and is a rare kind of site among the sites found until now.

A neolithic era rock art site atop a hillock near Pothireddipally village of Yellareddipet mandal in Rajanna-Sircilla district has been discovered by an archaeology enthusiast. Sadasivananda, a member of Kotha Telangana Charithra Brundam (KTCB), has discovered the rock-art 5 km from the village atop a hillock locally called ‘Sithari Gattu Maisamma Gutta.’

The pictures were painted on the base of a huge boulder called ‘Padigerayi’ covering a canvas area measuring 6 ft in height and 10 ft in width.

Nine designs were painted on the boulder, with each pattern having inner circles and what appears to look like rays on the outer and inner sides of the designs of a circular pattern. Locals from Tenugu (Mudiraju) community have been offering prayers to this rock art, treating it as their deity ‘Maisamma’.

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Rock Cut Cave Temples of Adavi Somanapalli

Rock Cut Cave Temples of Adavi Somanapalli locally known as Nainag Gullu located in a forest and one needs to walk 4km from Thadicherla on the hillock of Adavi Somanapalli, Malhar Rao Mandal, located 22km away from Manthani in Bhupalapally district, Telangana State, India.

Dates back to 5th - 6th century AD. To reach the caves, one has to trek through a jungle path from the Kataram–Manthani highway.

These are a group of four rock-cut cave temples facing west on the banks of Manair river. Locally, these shivalayas are called Naina Gullu. Unfortunately, it is partially in ruins owing to the inferior quality of the rock stone and natural calamities. These rock-cut temples resemble the famous cave temples of Moghalrajpuram near Vijayawada constructed by the Vishnukundins.

They were initially jain caves that were later converted into a Lord Shiva temple.

The first two temples have an ‘Ardhamandapa’, the ornate gateway or open hall that leads into the ‘Garbhagriha’ or sanctum sanctorum. “The striking feature is the ceiling with coloured paintings. Most of the paintings are lost, with with only traces of black, red, blue & yellow figurines remaining. We can make out scantilydressed men and women only till the thighs. These are richly adorned with crowns, necklaces, leaf-shaped earrings, heavy bracelets and yagnopavita or the sacred thread. We can also faintly see dancers, courtesans, battle-scenes, horsedrawn chariots, archers, palaces etc. The murals painted in the first rock-cut cave depict people in the kingly attire, archers, armed personnel, dancers, horses, palaces etc. The murals reminisce the style of Ajanta in Maharashtra. The second cave houses the sculpture of Mahishasuramardhini, which is in ruins.

The third rockcut temple only has an Ardhamandapa housing the statues of Lord Ganapati & a Dwarapalaka. The fourth temple has an incomplete inscription on the outer pillar of the Ardhamandapa. The inscription is in Telugu which belongs to either 10th or 11th century AD. 

The caves of Adavi Somanapalli under Malhar Rao Mandal that come alive only during Maha Shivarathri festival is otherwise disconnected from mainstream of life

Feb 25, 2018: 9th century rock art on temple whitewashed during shiva rathri celebrations. Following which, the State Archaeological Department swung into action and prepared a proposal to protect the indigenous art forms of the temple.

https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Telangana/2019-02-07/Precious-murals-languish-in-neglect/489694

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/63064094.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst

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Morancha Vagu

Origin / Start : Bhupalpally Forest Area. 

End: Joins Maner River near Kalvapalle, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

Length: Around 45 Kms

Tributaries: Medi Vagu (Ramappa Lake), Poddaru Vagu (Ghanapuram Lake)

Tributaries of Morancha Vagu

Medi Vagu joins Morancha Vagu near Palampet, Mulugu District.

Poddaru Vagu joins Morancha Vagu near Ghanapur, Mulugu District.

Jul 27, 2023 - Telangana Rains
Jul 27 2023,  4 AM : Moranchapalli, Jayashankar Bhupalpally district
What started as a drizzle on the morning of July 26 turned into torrential rain by the night. “Moranchapalli was hit by rain like never before in the history of Telangana. It looks like rain, which we usually receive throughout the year, hit us on a single day, creating havoc. With a local stream, Moranchapalli Vagu, advancing towards village, The entire village with 300 houses with population of around 1900 was inundated by an increase in flood water levels in a stream in the suburbs, giving a sleepless night for all.” which wiped all their belongings, live stock, food and other assets. 

The villagers were forced to go to the roof-tops of their houses and trees since morning. Videos of the panic-stricken villagers making fervent appeals to the authorities to save them surfaced on social media that morning. Following the distress calls, the official machinery swung into action and dispatched NDRF teams along with inflatable rubber boats and other equipment to rescue them. 6 from Moranchapalli saved by Army copter

In a daring rescue operation amid heavy rains Indian Army helicopters and boats came to the aid of six trapped individuals in the Morancha stream in Nainpaka.

Read more at:

https://www.latestly.com/socially/india/news/telangana-rains-indian-army-helicopters-boats-carry-out-daring-rescue-operation-in-bhupalpally-district-save-stranded-villagers-amid-heavy-rains-watch-videos-5297114.html

Read more at:

https://www.latestly.com/socially/india/news/telangana-rains-indian-army-helicopters-boats-carry-out-daring-rescue-operation-in-bhupalpally-district-save-stranded-villagers-amid-heavy-rains-watch-videos-5297114.html

Jayashankar Bhupalpalli district witnessed very heavy to extremely heavy rainfall with the Chityal mandal recording the highest 616.5 mm rainfall in the district in the 24 hours, ending at 8 a.m. in the morning.

Four people got lost in the floods due to heavy rains. The bodies of three villagers have been retrieved and 1 still missing.

Thousands of acres of land were flooded with heavy sand and the irrigation potential of the fields was lost. Due to this, sand and stone casting the farmers have been severely distressed. It would cost them a lot to get their fields back to cultivable state.

The devastating impact of the floods has rendered many villagers unemployed, leaving them desperate for work opportunities.

https://www.newstap.in/telangana/moranchapalli-villagers-thank-kcr-for-saving-them-by-sending-choppers-boats-1487047

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Koyyur Jain Caves Nayanagulllu

The monolithic caves of Jain pantheon near Koyyur Village, Malharrao Mandal in the Jayashankar Bhupalpally district are set to hog the limelight with theForest Department making efforts to incorporate the structure into its ongoing eco-tourism programme.

Situated on a hillock among scenic surroundings on the banks of river Manair, the caves stand out as an example of Indian rock-cut architecture.

Hewn in solid sandstone precipice the caves testify the prevalence of Jainism in these parts during ancient times. Though the caves were found long ago, they remained uncared for. With an intention to draw public attention to these caves, Bhupalpally Forest Department officials are planning to lay pathways to ensure better connectivity to the caves called locally as ‘Nayanagulllu’.

At a distance of two km there is a Nagulamma Temple which is frequented by devotees on weekends and on auspicious occasions. It is proposed to lay a pathway from the temple and from Mainar bridge near Adavi Somanapally to the caves.

The works will be started during winter season, Suman added. “We wish to organise trekking trips to the caves so that those interested in history can visit and appreciate their historic significance.

The Jain caves will be included in the itinerary of recently released a calendar of events of eco-tourism” District Forest Officer T Ravi Kiran informed.

He hoped that the in the days to come, the caves would emerge as an important tourist destination. According to a local school teacher and history enthusiast Ch Srinivas, Jainism was prevalent in erstwhile Andhra Pradesh during the times of 12th Tirthankara Vasupujya as mentioned in the 12th century classic Dharmamrita.

There are six chambers at the caves. A verandah, an antharala (ante-chamber) and garbhalaya (sanctum sanctorum) are part of the cave structure.

There is a colourful mural painting on the ceiling of a cave, probably a depiction of Jataka tale. A carved image on the frontal portion of the cave is said to be of a Thirtankara.

In side sanctum sanctorum there is a Siva Lingam and damaged figurine of a female deity, believed to be Mahisasura Mardini, Srinivas explained.

Above the entrance of the main cave, there an epigraphy hewn in the rock.“The archeological authorities and historians must try to decipher the inscriptions to comprehend to which period the caves belong and who carved out these caves” Srinivas noted.

http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Warangal-Tab/2017-09-29/Koyyur-may-turn-a-major-eco-tourism-hub-in-Telangana/330043

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Jayashankar Bhupalpally

Jayashankar Bhupalapally is a district in the Indian state 

of Telangana was made as a district on October 11, 2016. 

The district headquarters are located at Bhupalpally. It was a part of the Warangal district prior to the re-organisation of districts in the state.

Jayashankar district was named after Acharya Jayashankar who was a prominent activist in Telangana Movement. District headquarters is located at Bhupalpally, 

Jayashankar district is bounded on north and north east by Gadchiroli district and Bijapur district of Maharashtra and Chattisgarh respectively, on east by Bhadradri district, on south by Mahabubabad district and Warangal district, on west by Peddapalli district.

Head Quarters        : Bhupalpally

Revenue divisions    : 2 (Bhupalpally and Mulug )

Mandals              : 20 
Population           : 750,000
Area (km2)           : 6,175 square km(2,384 sq mi)
Literacy             : 60.32%
Highways             : NH 163
Rivers               : Godavari, Pranahita and Maneru

Vehicle Registration : TS 25

Natural Resources
Coal, Forest and Godvari River

Forest
District with  highest Forest Cover in Telangana State - Tadvai and Eturnagaram

Irrigation

Major Projects - Under Construction

Kaleshwaram (Medigadda) project is located in this district. 

Medium Projects

Gundlavagu project is an ongoing Medium Irrigation scheme proposed across the river Gundlavagu, a minor tributary of Godavari near village Pragallapally in Wazeedu mandal of Jayashankar Bhupalpally District of Telangana. This scheme envisages construction of an earthen dam for a length of 508m and H.C weir of length 51m. The project is proposed to irrigate an ayacut of 1,045 ha (2,580 acres) under right and left bank canals benefitting five tribal villages of Wazeedu Mandal.

Ramappa Lake Project was constructed across the Medivagu & Polavagu River / Stream, which is a tributary to the Godavari River.

The Project is located near Palampet village, Venkatapur Mandal.The scheme is intended to irrigate an ayacut of 5000 Acres 

Malluruvagu Project was constructed across the Malluruvagu River / Stream, which is a tributary to the Godavari River. The Project is located near the Narsimhasagar village, Mangapet Mandal to irrigate a total ayacut of 7504 acres

Medium Projects - Under Construction

Modikuntavagu project is proposed across Modikuntavagu near Krishnapuram (V), Wazeedu (M), proposed to provide irrigation facilities to an extent of 13591 acres benefitting 35 villages in Wazeedu (M). Provides drinking water facilities to the enroute 35 villages for a population of 12,000 in Wazeedu

Palemvagu project is a Medium project across Palamvagu (Jellavagu) a Minor tributary of the Godavari river near Mallapuram village in venkatapuram Mandal. The proposed ayacut under the project is 4100 ha. during Khariff and 820 ha. during Rabi season. Besides the above, the project also provides rural drinking water for 39 Tribal Villages in Venkatapuram Mandal.

Industries

Singareni Colleries
KTPP (Kakatiya Thermal Power Station) is located near Chelpur village in this district.

Tourism
Ramappa temple

Ramappa Lake 

Sri Muktheswara Swamy temple in Kaleshwaram 

Laknavaram Lake 

Kotagullu in Ghanapuram

Pandavula Gutta in Regonda 

Sammakka Saralamma Jatara or Medaram Jatara, the largest tribal festival in the world, is held in this district. It is believed that after Khumba Mela, the Medaram Jataram attracts the largest number of devotees in the country.

Mylaram Caves

Eturnagaram Wildlife

Laxmi Narasimha Swamy temple at Kodavatancha or Kotancha village, Regonda mandal

Wazeed Bogatha waterfalls
Mallur Natural Springs and Narasimha Swamy Temple

Eturu Nagaram is the largest ITDA (Integrated Tribal Development Authority).
In order to make Telangana an attractive destination for eco-tourism and tribal tourism, Government of Telangana is developing Integrated Development of connecting Mulugu - Laknavaram - Medaram -Tadvai - Damarvai - Mallur - Bogatha Waterfalls

Sports
Singareni Colleries has mini stadium, Swimming Pool,Indoor tennis and Hockey stadium, Gym. Coal India Level Tournaments are held each year and participants come from All over India. Two Cinema Theaters are present.

Bhupalpalle Revenue Division Mandals - 11

Bhupalpally 

Ghanpur (Mulug) 
Regonda
Mogullapally

Chityal
Tekumatla

Malharrao
Kataram
Mahadevpur

Palimela
Maha Mutharam

Mulugu Revenue Division Mandals - 9
Mulug
Venkatapur
Govindaraopet
Tadvai
Eturunagaram
Kannaigudem
Mangapet
Venkatapuram

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Pranhita River

Origin : Thumbidihatti, Kouthala Mandal, Asifabad
Intersection of Wardha and the Wainganga Rivers near the border of Maharashtra and Telangana.
Elevation : 146 m ( 479 ft)
Length : 113 km (70 mi)
Catchment : 1,09,078 km2
Outflow : Godavari River near Kaleshwaram
States : Maharashtra, Telangana

Entire Pranahita River acts as border between Telangana and Maharashtra.
Districts : Komoram Bheem Asifabad, Mancherial, Jayshankar Bhupalpally.

The Pranhita begins at the confluence of 2 extensive rivers - the Wardha and the Wainganga. This junction lies on the border between the states of Maharashtra and Telangana near Kouthala(near Sirpur kagaznagar). Right at the onset, the river enjoys a wide river bed.

Pranhita is the largest tributary of Godavari River covering about 34% of its drainage basin conveying the combined waters of the Penganga River, Wardha River and Wainganga River.

By virtue of its extensive network of tributaries, the river drains all of Vidharba region as well as the southern slopes of the Satpura Ranges. It flows along the border of Gadchiroli district in Maharashtra and Adilabad district in Telangana. The Pranhita sub-basin is the 7th largest in India, measuring about 1,09,078 km2 making it larger than the individual basins of significant rivers like the Narmada and Cauvery.

The Pranhita begins at the confluence of 2 extensive rivers - the Wardha (catchment area: 46,237 km2) and the Wainganga (catchment area:49,677 km2).This junction lies on the border between the states of Maharashtra and Telangana near Kouthala(near Sirpur kagaznagar). Right at the onset, the river enjoys a wide river bed.

The river follows a short course of 113 km strictly adhering to the boundary between Gadchiroli district in Maharashtra and Adilabad district in Telangana.The direction of flow is southward unlike most rivers of the Deccan Plateau. Along its course the river is flanked by thick forests and harbors a rich biodiversity of flora and fauna. After completing its short journey the river empties itself into the Godavari River at 170 feet in Kaleswaram.

The terrain and thick forest cover in the adjoining areas of Maharashtra does not allow it feasible tapping of water from the two tributaries in its territory.

The project was originally conceptualised as the Dr B.R. Ambedkar Pranahita-Chevella Sujala Sravanthi project. In accordance with the Godavari Water Disputes Tribunal (GWDT) report of October 1975, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh had agreed to share the river’s waters for some projects at the appropriate time, one of which was the Pranahita-Chevella project.

However, later, that project was divided into two parts Dr B.R. Ambedkar Pranahita Project and Kaleshwaram Project. Two reasons were provided for this. First, it is assumed that the availability of Godavari water is better at Medigadda. Second, Maharashtra raised objections to Tummidihatti as it believed that large swathes of its own area would get submerged.

Dr.B.R.Ambedkar Pranahita project
To divert 20 TMC of water by constructing a barrage across river Pranahita near the confluence of Wainganga and Wardha rivers at Tummidihetti (V), Koutala (M), Adilabad District for irrigating an ayacut of 2,00,000 acres in East Adilabad district against the original proposed 56,500 acres in the district.

Kaleshwaram project  have three barrages at Medigadda near Kaleshwaram, Annaram and Sundilla between Medigadda and Sripada Yellampally Project and reservoirs at another 18 places. 

The three barrages would have a storage capacity of over 28 tmc ft together and the reservoirs would have another 157 tmc ft. The Kaleshwaram project requires 4,500 MW power for lifting water in different stages including, 113 meters till Yellampally reservoir. From Yellampally, it would be lifted to Mid Manair and from there to Anantagiri, Imambad and Mallannasagar reservoirs. From Mallannasagar, the water would flow through gravity to Upper Manair and reservoirs in Nizamabad and Adilabad districts. 

This project is expected to be a blessing for the people of Telangana by utilising as much water as possible and is spread over in 7 districts of Telangana (now 13 districts after re-organization of districts in the state) through components such as canals, tunnels, lift systems, reservoirs, and distributory network for irrigating an ayacut of 18,25,700 acres against the original proposed ayacut of 16,40,000 acres. Further, it is proposed to stabilize the existing ayacut in other major projects viz., SRSP Stage-I, SRSP Stage-II, Flood Flow Canal, Singur & Nizamsagar projects to an extent of 18,82,970 acres. Besides irrigation, drinking water (30 TMC for twin cities & 10 TMC for enroute villages) & water for industrial use (16 TMC) is also proposed.

Further, after careful planning, theproposed capacity of reservoirs is increased from11.43 TMC to 147.71 TMC by enhancing the capacities of existing reservoirs and proposing new reservoirs to match the demand and supply.

It has been proposed to divide the work into 28 packages in six links, including five packages for the first three barrages.

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Kaleshwaram

Kaleshwaram is a village in Mahadevpur Mandal in Jayashankar Bhupalpally district, Telangana. Kaleshwaram is at the juncture of the rivers Godavari and its Pranahita tributary.

Bus service is available from Hyderabad, Warangal, Parkal, Karimnagar, Manthani, Godavarikhani and Peddapalli.

Access to Laksha Bilwapatri Pooja is by request to Dewasthanam officials at least one month in advance

It is the site of a temple of the Hindu god Lord Shiva. The temple is significant because of the two Shiva Lingas that are found on a single pedestal. These Linga are named Lord Shiva and Lord Yama. Collectively, they known as Kaleshwara Mukteswara Swamy. Kaleshwaram is one of three Shiva temples mentioned in Trilinga Desham, or "Land of Three Lingas."

The holy place draws tourists during the Karthika Month of the Indian Calendar, 16 November – 15 December. Holy baths are held during 6-17 of December. People who bathe here first visit Lord Ganesha, then pray to Lord Yama and then to Lord Shiva. 

Kaleshwaram is the site of the famous Shiva temple called "Kaleswara muktheswara swamy", which is on the border of the Indian states of Telangana and Maharashtra.

The Mukteshwara Swamy Temple is uniquely significant because of the two Shiva Lingas that are found on a single pedestal. They are named Lord Shiva and Lord Yama, collectively known as Kaleswara Mukteswara Swamy.

Kaleswaram is one of the locations of the three Shiva temples mentioned in Trilinga Desham (Land of Three Lingams) and is another name for the Telugu-speaking region. (The other two locations mentioned are Draksharamam and Srishailam.)

Kaleswaram is also called Dakshina Triveni Sangamam, as two rivers meet here along with a third, the illusionary flow of Antarvaahini. It is said that a long time ago one of the Vaishyas had performed an abhisheka to Kaleswara

Mukteswara with hundreds of milk pots, and the milk evolved at the sangamam of Godavari and Pranahita, hence the name Dakshina Gangotri (the other being Allahabad, or Prayaga).

A large number of tourists arrive during the Karthika Month of the Indian Calendar (16 November – 15 December) and Maha Shiva Ratri.

The temple is open from 4:00 a.m.-1:00 p.m. and 3:30-9:00 p.m.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaleshwaram

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Kotagullu or Ghanpur Temples

Ghanapuram in Jayashankar Bhupalpally district of Telangana is known for Kakatiya architecture and art. The temple complex is located on the north east corner of Ghanpur village in Mulugu mandal of Jayashankar Bhupalpally district. Ghanapuram village is located nearly 50 km from the district headquarters of Warangal and is accessible by road.

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Pandava Caves

Pandava Caves or Pandava Guttalu or Pandavaula Gutta is situated in Thirumalagiri village, Regonda Mandal, Jayashankar Bhupalpally, Telangana, India.

This is where the Pandavas spent their life in exile for a certain period of time. A chain of hillocks running north-south direction located about 50 kms from Warangal, 195 kms from Hyderabad, on Warangal-Mahadevpoor road and 3kms from Regonda are familliarly known as Pandava Guhalu (Caves) or Pandava Guttalu (Hills).

The name is derived due to potrayl of the story of Pandavas of Mahabharatha on one of the boulders. The shelters are locally knowns as Mekkabanda, Mugessabanda, Pandi Parvatha, Shakthi Parvatham, Jyothi Parvatham, Puli Parvatham abd Yanadula Guha, Eduru Pandavulu, Kuntidevi, Pancha Pandavlu etc.

It is an unique Rock Art Site with continous human occupation right from prehistoric to Medieval times. There are a few natural paintings on these rocks, depicting the lifestyle and their hunting methods.

 The figures depicted in the paintings at these hills are of peacocks, lizards, tiger, frogs, fishes, deer etc.. and geometrical designs and impressions in green, red, yellow and white pigment colors. Besides these rock paintings, inscriptions of Rastrakutan times and fresco paintings of late medieval period have also been reported from these hillocks. Some of the paintings were superimposed, depicting highly developed anatomical features and curves.

Rock art is a form of landscape art, and includes designs that have been placed on boulder and cliff faces, cave walls and ceilings, and on the ground surface.

Warangal district consists of many Prehistoric habitation sites, which were explored by the Indian Archaeological authorities. Paleolithic Rock art paintings are found at Pandavula gutta (Regonda)

Its a global phenomenon, being found in many different regions of the world. Such artworks are often divided into three forms: petroglyphs which are carved into the rock surface, pictographs which are painted onto the surface, and earth figures engraved into the ground. The study of rock art gives us a good insight into our history from pre-historic ages.

The hill range derives its name ‘pandavula gutta’, from the historical paintings found in one rock shelter, which the local folk term as the story of Mahabharata. It is interesting to note that in the Ravulapalli village about 220 families belong to the ‘mudiraju’ caste, who claim their descent from the solar race of pandavas, and the gotra of some of the families is infact ‘pandava’.

Perhaps, the ancestors of the present day mudiraju caste during historical times might have coined the term pandavula gutta.

The site was discovered by Sri K.Ramakrishna Rao of the Dept. of Archaeology & Museums, Hyderabad. Nagi Reddy (1995, 1998) discussed to a certain extent the rock paintings of this site. During my field study I noticed 7 rock shelters in which paintings have been done.

The Site ‘Pandavula gutta’ a weathered coarse grained sand stone hillock, rises to a height of 150 m from the surrounding plains and runs in a north south direction, the height gradually receding towards south and culminates about 1 km east of Tirumalagiri village, which is 3 km from Ravulapalli. At the central portion of this hill range rock shelters are noticed both at the foot of the hill and on the plateau above and in the valley between. Of the seven rock shelters two are located at the foot of the hill and the remaing ones on the plateau region. The rock shelters at the foot of the hill contain only faint traces of red paintings. In one rock shelter locally known as ‘ongudu gundu’ (bending rock) along with traces of paintings microlithic scatters were noticed.

The tools, mostly non-geometric in content, were made on chalcedony, agate, chert, quartz and jasper.
The undulating hill range and the narrow valley is covered by thick vegetation of tropical dry ever green and deciduous forests. The forest cover sustain wild fauna in considerable numbers even today. 

The wild fauna used to include herbivores like Nilgai ( Boselaphus tragocamelus), Black buck ( Antilope cerpivora ), Wild sheep ( Civis cycloceros ), Hare ( Lapidum finidus ), Porcupine ( 

Histric indica ) etc., The carnivores include Sloth bear ( Melursus ursius ), Hyaena ( Hyaena hyaena ), Fox ( Velpes bengalensis )etc. 

The elderly people of the village informed that during their child hood (about 60 years ago) the forest was much dense and even tigers roared in the forest occasionally preying upon the domesticated cattle and sheep of their village. During the mesolithic times, the whole Regonda region must have been a dense forest.

Water resources at the site are almost perennial, bearing water upto 9 months in a year. There is a perennial spring on the top of the hillock locally known as ‘potaraju chelama’. Near one rock shelter, in a rock crevice locally known as ‘chirutangandu kunta’ water is stored throughout the year. A seasonal stream loca lly known as ‘panduvula vagu’ contain water in small pools upto the month of March. In these water pools even today wild rice ( Zizania aquatica : Dussa vari ) grow between August – January

The Rock shelters and the rock art
As said before two rock shelters at the foot of the hill contain only traces of paintings and one of them ‘ongudu gunda’, besides traces of paintings in red colour, revealed microliths also. The tool typology of the microliths indicate their non-geometric nature. 

Rock shelter 3 (Eduru pandvula gundu)
This rock shelter is located at the top of the hill facing west and gives a commanding view of the plains below. It measures roughly 20 x 20 metres and provides a shaded area of about 2 m infront. No floor deposit occurs in this rock shelter as the floor is of sheet rock gently sloping outwards. This rock shelter is locally called as ‘edurupandavula gundu’ (facing pandavas rock), as it is located infront of the foot path from the village.

This is the most densely painted rock shelter at this site. About 50 painted figures and several faintly visible ones are noticed. All the paintings were done in red ochre of different shades.

The theme of the rock paintings consist of herbivores mostly deer species. Other animals like langur, tiger, porcupine, mangoose, boar and fish. Besides these, anthropomorphs, human figures, a peacock, a boar, indeterminate animals geometric figures etc. are also found.

On the basis of state of preservation and superimpositions two phases can be delineated from the red paintings of this rock shelter. At the many places dark brownish red deer figures overlap, light brownish red, faded deer figures. In some of the paintings the artist appears to have tried to replicate the nearby previous painted figures. The figure of a boar is very stylistically depicted with rectangular designs over the body in dark brownish red colour. Behind it a deer figure in light brownish red colour is also done with the same type of body design.

Langurs are shown realistically with long tails.

The human figures are shown in various postures, standing near the animals and in praying posture. A row of 15 human figures hand in hand between the legs of huge deer figure (105 cm x 50cm) in a group dancing posture is a very interesting composition and is the only one of its kind in the rock art of Telangana.

The peacock figure in finely depicted with all the body details. Although a peacock figure is found in the Kethavaram (16 0 43’N;78 0 1 2’E) paintings (Chandramouli 1986) also it is small in size devoid of bodily details as seen in this figure. The mangoose is also finely depicted close to a natural crack in the rock, which gives the visual impression to an observer that the mangoose is trying to hide below the rock. Fish figures in the paintings of this rock shelter are exclusive to this site. Although a fish figure is found in the Kethavaram rock art also, stylistically they are different and also are done in black colour. In the depiction of the fish also, the attempt of the artist to replicate the previous ones as in the case of deer figures, is visible.

The anthropomorphs have stylistic similarity with those at Chintakunta and Kethavaram (Chandramouli 2002).The geometric figures are a few and consist of triangular shaped lines one over the other and criss – cross patterns etc.

Rock shelter 4 (Janke mukku gundu : long nose rock)
This rock shelter is located on the top of the hillock in a narrow valley behind rock shelter 3; to its north east about 300 metres away facing west. The local name ‘Janke mukku gundu’ (long nose rock) is given to this rock shelter because of two natural deep holes in the rock wall which look like nostrils of the nose. There are only 4 deer figures and one human figure in this rock shelter. All of them are in dark brownish red colour, except one small dog figure, which is faded and light brownish red in colour. The deer figures are similar to those in rock shelter 4.

Rock shelter 5 (Mungisa gundu : mangoose rock)
This rock shelter is located to the north east of rock shelter 4 about 800 metres away facing north. This rock shelter gives a commanding view of the plains below. It is an ideal rock shelter giving a shaded area of 5 metres all around. But only two faintly visible painted figures are noticed. One looks like a mangoose (hence the local name to the rock shelter) and the other animal is depicted as if trying to catch the mangoose by its neck. Both the painted figures are light brownish red in colour.

Rock shelters 6 & 7 ( Pandavula gundu; Kunthi gundu )
These rock shelters (by which this site is known) are located in the southern portion of the hill about 1000 metres away from the rock shelter 3. The first one faces east and the second one south. In the pandavula gundu rock shelter traces of red colour paintings are visible.

However, it is famous in the surrounding villages for the fresco panel of historical paintings done in several colours on a lime mortor back ground. The villagers identify them as scenes of Mahabharata. But they are badly mutilated by fungus and also human vandalism. The kunthi gundu rock shelter on its southern face contain a series of negative hand prints in red colour.

There are more than 60 such hand prints. Besides these a 9 th – 10 th century AD label inscription
reading “Sri Utpatti pidugu” (Nagi reddy 1995) is also found. In side this deep and narrow came like rock shelter (one has to crawl on all four to reach the inner portion), two small stone sculptures of female deities are being worshipped even today. Several stone structures of historical times are found all around these rock shelters

https://www.academia.edu/29875866/Rock_art_of_Telangana_pdf

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Mylaram Caves

Mylaram Caves (Nallaguttalu) situated in Mylaram village, Ghanpur Mandal, Jayashankar Bhupalpally, Telangana discovered recently by is located 200 k.m from Hyderabad is a new jewel in Telangana Tourism, ideal spot for trekking and adventure.

In an important discovery, archaeologists have stumbled upon a treasure trove of ancient stalagmites and stalactites formations at Mylaram caves, 50 km from Warangal. Located in the north-south direction, the Mylaram guttalu are a new addition to the rich legacy of Telangana. These caves, numbering at least 10, are similar to Belum and Borra caves. They indeed have the potential to be developed as a mini tourist circuit as there are many caves, rock art sites, temples and lakes within a radius of 10 km.

Sharing his views on the findings, State archaeological consultant S S Rangacharyulu said, “The caves are located inside the hillocks. One has to climb and enter the caves through a very narrow passage and climb down at least 20 feet to reach the surface of the cave. As of now we have discovered 10 caves, in two hill ranges, which are spread across 5-10 metres making them the longest existing caves in both the Telugu States.


The caves consist of many chambers, passages and several formations which look like various living and non-living things. The caves could not be explored thoroughly due to darkness and presence of thousands of bats and bees.” Adding more, he said, “These caves seem to be significant from the geological and historical point of view. There is also a ruined stone fortified wall which is connected with the caves.


The initial stage of explorations state that there would have been human existence as there have been many other discoveries of Mesolithic artefacts and iron ore smeltings. The first person to discover the caves was a local lecturer named K Sadananda. Speaking to Metro India, he said, “There are many stalagmite and stalactites formations which are worth decoding as they represent various living and non-living creatures of earth.


It is a proud moment to the State, as till now there were only two popular cave explorations, namely Borra and Belum caves, but with these coming to limelight a new dimension has been added to the cave explorations.” “In fact, these caves must be recognised as one of the important tourist destinations in the State. The Tourism Department should develop the area and I am sure that these caves would attract millions of tourists as they are really splendid from inside,” he said.


The formations at Belum caves are very similar to that of Mylaram guttalu. Both the caves have stalagmite and stalactite, which are formed by flow of water for centuries. The Belum caves are home for several formations which look like Shiva Linga, Banyan tree, a saint’s bed and many more. The discovery at Mylaram guttalu is also on the similar lines and the caves are home to several formations like an old man, a huge tree, dolphins and folded saree pleats. There is also a Shiva Linga, similar to the one at Amarnath.

http://metroindia.com/cities/article/12/09/2015/mylaram-caves-new-addition-to-ts-tourism/14386

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Godavari River

Origin : Western Ghats at Triambak near Nasik in Maharashtra
Elevation : 1067 meters (3500 ft)
Length : 1,465 km (910 mi)
Drainage : 312812  sq km
Outflow : Bay of Bengal
States : Maharashtra, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, Puducherry (Yanam) and Telangana
Start in Telangana: Kandakurthy, Renjal Mandal, Nizamabad district
Length in Telangana: 600 km
Drainage in Telangana: 58,808 sq km                          End in Telangana: Bhadrachalam in Bhadradri Kothagudem district

Districts : Nizamabad, Nirmal, Jagitial, Mancherial, Peddapalli, Jayashankar Bhupalpally, Mulugu, Bhadradri Kothagudem

The Godavari River is the second longest river in India after the river Ganges and the largest in Peninsular India and South India. 

The Godavari enters Telangana state from Maharashtra at Kandakurthi of Renjal mandal in Nizamabad district. Kandakurthi is at the confluence of the Godavari and its tributaries the Manjeera and Haridra and forms Triveni Sangamam. After Kandakurthi, the river reaches the temple town of Basar where devotees take a holy dip at the abode of Goddess Saraswati.

The river flows along the border between Nirmal and Mancherial districts in the north and Nizamabad, Jagtial, Peddapalli districts to its south.

Asmakas one of the shodasa (sixteen) mahajanapadas in the 6th century BCE, ruled there kingdom from the banks of Godavari river. 

It flows for about 283 km and separates the Chanda district of Maharashtra and Bastar district of Madhya Pradesh from this region.

About 12 km after entering Telangana it merges with the back waters of the Sriram Sagar Dam. The river after emerging through the dam gates, enjoys a wide river bed, often splitting to encase sandy islands. The river receives a minor but significant tributary Kadem (Kadam) river. It then emerges at its eastern side to act as state border with Maharashtra only to later enter into Khammam district. In this district the river flows through an important Hindu pilgrimage town - Bhadrachalam. The river further swells after receiving a minor tributary Kinnerasani River and exits into Andhra Pradesh. 

Right Bank Tributaries in Telangana

Nizamabad

1) Manjra / Manjira River  joins Godavari river in Kandakurthy village, Renjal Mandal

3) Phulang / Phulagan vagu join  Godavari river, Naleshwar village

4) Kottur vagu joins Godavari river Nizamsagar Project, Ganagasamundar village

6) Tadpkal Pedda vagu joins Godavari river near Tadpkal Pushkar Ghat in  Tadpkal village. 

Jagitial

8) Bornapalli Pedda vagu joins Godavari river, Bornapalli village, in Raikal Mandal.

10) Vennamuddala vagu joins Godavari river, Rangasagar village

    Kapparaopeta Pedda vagu

Peddapalli

19) Pittipoli vagu joins Godavari River, Undeda village

20) Bandala vagu joins Godavari River, Vemnoor village

23) Bokkala vagu joins Godavari River, Manthani village

24) Marri vagu joins Godavari River, Khansaipeta village

Jayashankar Bhupalpally 

27) Maner River or Manair River joins Godavari River, Damerakunta village 

28) Damerakunta Pedda vagu joins Godavari river in Damerakunta

29) Bandla vagu joins Godavari river in Annaram.

30) Pranahitha or Pranhita River joins Godavari at Kaleshwaram village in Mahadevpur Mandal

31) Bandala vagu joins Godavari river near Peddampet

32) Garkepalle Pedda Vagu joins Godavari river near Garkepalle

33) Sarvaipeta vagu joins Godavari river near Sarvaipeta

34) Indravati River joins Godavari river near Dammur

Mulugu

From Eturnagaram to Bhadrachalam around 50 streams including Kodipuju vagu, Thummala vagu, Jampanna vagu, Modikunta vagu, Palem vagu and Jeedi vagu would join the Godavari.

36) Mada vagu joins Godavari river near Buttaigudem.

39) Jampanna vagu / Laknavaram River / Sampangi Vagu joins Godavari river at Eturnagaram

40) Vetti Vagu / Jeedi Vagu / Jidi Vagu joins Godavari river at Eturnagaram

41) Gaurappa vagu joins Godavari river at Mangapet

42) Mallur / Malluru vagu joins Godavari river at Chunchupalle, Mallur

43) Palem vagu (Jella vagu) joins Godavari river at Venkatapuram(Z), Mulugu District.

44) Kora / Kukkatogu vagu joins Godavari river at Marrigudem(Z)

45) Thimmapuram vagu joins Godavari river at Kathigudem

Bhadradri Kothagudem

46) Bayyaram Pedda vagu joins Godavari river at Bayyaram, Pinapaka

47) Posampalli vagu joins Godavari river at Gaddampalle, Pinapaka

48) Taliperu river joins Godavari river at Tegada, Mogulapalle, Cherla, Bhadradri Kothagudem.

49) Kodipunjula vagu joins godavari river at Annaram village, Manuguru

50) Sita vagu joins godavari river at parnasala, Chinnaravi gudem, Bhadradri Kothagudem

51) Gangaler vagu / Pedha Bandirevu vagu joins godavari river at Chinnaravi gudem, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

52) Mallapalli Togu joins godavari river near Nellipaka

53) Turubaka Pedda Vagu / Guralla Bairu vagu joins godavari river near Turubaka village near Telangana and Andhra Pradesh border

54) Kinnarasani River joins godavari river near Burgam Pahad, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh border

Left Bank Tributaries in Telangana

Nirmal 

2) Sudda vagu joins Godavari river, Basar

5) Swarna River joins Godavari river, Madhapur village

7) Rekoni vagu joins Godavari river, Khanapur village, Nirmal district

9) Kaddam River joins Godavari river near Bellal, Kaddam (peddur) Mandal

11) Buttapur Manjra Pedda vagu joins Godavari River, Buttapur village

Mancherial

12) Gudi vagu joins Godavari River, Kalmadugu village

13) Badempalle Manjra Pedda vagu joins Godavari River, Badempalle village

14) Raja vagu joins Godavari River, Gurrevu village

15) Peddayya vagu joins Godavari River, Laxmikantapur village

16) Gudem vagu joins Godavari River, Gudam village

17) Kapparaopeta Pedda vagu join Godavari River, Kapparaopeta village

18) Potepalli vagu joins Godavari River, Luxettipet village

21) Rali vagu joins Godavari River, Kothapalle village

22) Ralla vagu joins Godavari River, Kothapalle village

25) Maddila vagu joins godavari river, somanpalle village

26) Gollavagu joins godavari river near konampet

Jayashankar Bhupalpally 

    Pranahita River joins Godavari at Kaleshwaram village in Mahadevpur Mandal (at Mancherial border)

Mulugu

35) Dhabba Thogu joins Godavari river near Chandrupatla

37) Nirudu vagu joins Godavari river near Chikupalle

38) Gundla vagu near Pusur

42) Jella vagu / Palem vagu joins Godavari river at Venkatapuram(Z)

Bhadradri Kothagudem

47) Taliperu river joins Godavari river at Tegada, Mogulapalle, Cherla

49) Sita vagu joins godavari river at parnasala, Chinnaravi gudem

50) Gangaler vagu / Pedha Bandirevu vagu joins godavari river at Chinnaravi gudem

52) Turubaka Pedda Vagu / Guralla Bairu vagu joins godavari river near Turubaka village, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh border

Pranahita [conveying the combined waters of Penganga, the Wardha and Wainganga], Pench, Kanhan, Sabari, Indravati.

1) Manjra / Manjira River
Origin : Gaurwadi in Balaghat Hills, Ahemednagar District, Maharashtra State, India.Elevation : 823 metres (2,700 ft) 

Length : 724 km (450 mi)
Drainage : 30,844 km2 (11,909 sq mi)
Outflow : Godavari River
States : Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana.

Length in Telangana : Around 290 km
Start in Telangana : Near Goudgaon (Janwada) village, Nagalgidda Mandal, Narayankhed revenue division of Sangareddy district in Telangana, India. 
End : Kandakurthy village, Renjal Mandal, Nizamabad district
Districts : Sangareddy, Medak, Kamareddy, Nizamabad

2) Sudda vagu

End: Godavari river, Basar, Nirmal district

3) Phulang / Phulagan vagu

End: Godavari river, Naleshwar, Nizamabad district

4) Kottur vagu

End: Godavari river Nizamsagar Project, Ganagasamundar village, Nizamabad district

5) Swarna River

End: Godavari river, Madhapur village, Nirmal district

6) Savel Pedda vagu

End: Godavari river, Savel village, Nizamabad district

Bugga vagu mantra and kappala vagu joins to become Pedda vagu near Venkatapur, Nizamabad district.

Tributaries: 

Bugga vagu Manjra joins Pedda vagu near Venkatapur, Nizamabad district.

Kappala vagu joins Nizamabad Pedda vagu near Venkatapur, Nizamabad district.

    Alugu vagu joins Kappala vagu near Pedda Walgot, Sirkonda, Nizamabad district.

    Mondi vagu joins Kappala vagu near Gadkole, Nizamabad district.

    Upparabanda vagu joins Kappala vagu near Kondapur, Nizamabad district.

    Pulusumamidi vagu joins Kappala vagu near Thumpalle, Nizamabad district.

7) Rekoni vagu

End: Godavari river, Khanapur village, Nirmal district

8) Bornapalle Pedda vagu

End: Godavari river, Bornapalle village, Jagitial district

Tributaries: Mohanraopeta vagu, Manjra pedda vagu

9) Kaddam River

Origin: Kaddam reserve forest

Length : 86Kms

Start: Near Umarda (Buzurg), Bazarhathnoor Mandal, Adilabad district.

End: Bellal, Kaddam (peddur) Mandal, Nirmal district.

Tributaries: Bali vagu, Ganagapuram vagu, Bathukamma vagu, Sikkumanu river, Palukeru vagu, Datki vagu (tributary: Ragidoba), Gundi vagu, Wankedi vagu, Kaddam Pedda vagu (tributary: kamravadda vagu)

10) Vennamuddala vagu

End: Godavari river, Rangasagar village, Jagitial district

11) Buttapur Manjra Pedda vagu

End : Godavari River, Buttapur village, Nirmal District.

12) Gudi vagu

End: Godavari River, Kalmadugu village, Mancherial District.

13) Badempalle Manjra Pedda vagu

End: Godavari River, Badempalle village, Mancherial District.

14) Raja vagu

End: Godavari River, Gurrevu village, Mancherial District.

15) Peddayya vagu

End: Godavari River, Laxmikantapur village, Mancherial District.

16) Gudem vagu

End: Godavari River, Gudam village, Mancherial District.

17) Kapparaopeta Pedda vagu

End: Godavari River, Kapparaopeta village, Mancherial District.

18) Potepalli vagu

End: Godavari River, Luxettipet village, Mancherial District.

19) Pittipoli vagu

End: Godavari River, Undeda village, Peddapalli District.

20) Bandala vagu

End: Godavari River, Vemnoor village, Peddapalli District.

21) Rali vagu

End: Godavari River, Kothapalle village, Mancherial District.

22) Ralla vagu

End: Godavari River, Kothapalle village, Mancherial District.

23) Bokkala vagu

End: Godavari River, Manthani village, Peddapalli District.

24) Marri vagu

End: Godavari River, Khansaipeta village, Peddapalli District.

25) Maddila vagu joins godavari river, somanpalle village

26) Gollavagu joins godavari river near konampet

27) Maner River or Manair River

Start : Kanapur gudem vagu and Kodil Vagu joins and becomes Maner river near Bhavanipet, Kamareddy district.

End : Godavari River, Damerakunta village, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District bordering Peddapalli district

Tributaries

Districts: Pedapalli, Jayashankar Bhupalpally, Karimnagar

Are vagu

Joins Maner river near Malharao village, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

    Tributary

    Tigala vagu joins Are vagu near Dubbapeta village, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

Boggula vagu

    Joins Maner river near Vallamkunta village, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

Bommarao vagu

    Joins Maner river near Vallamkunta village, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

Morancha vagu

    Joins Maner river near Kalvapalle village, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

Sali vagu / Chali Vaagu 

     Joins Maner river near Emped village, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

     Tributaries

      Podaru vagu joins sali vagu near Parkhal

      Pedda Bodaru vagu and another stream of Salivagu joins near Pattipaka villge

      Pedda vagu joins Sali vagu / Chali Vaagu  near Mogula palle village, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

      Tributaries

           Chinna vagu joins Pedda vagu near Mogula palle village, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

           Kanthatmakur vagu joins Pedda vagu near Jujnoor palli village

            

Hussein Miyan vagu

    Joins Maner river near Rathupalle village, Peddapalli District.

Nakkala vagu

    Joins Maner river near Motupalle village, Peddapalli District.

Kesavapatnam vagu

    Joins Maner river near Reddipalle village, Karimnagar District.

Mothe vagu

    Joins Maner river near Chegurthi village, Karimnagar District near Peddaplli border

Mohidamada River

    Joins Lower Maner Dam and Maner river near Thimmapur, Karimnagar District.

   Tributaries

    Siddipeta vagu and pedda vagu joins near gugilla village, siddipet districts to become Mohidamada River

    Pedda vagu

        Chital vagu joins Pedda vagu near Nagnoor, Siddipet  district.

    Yellamma gidda vagu joins Mohidamada River near Devakka palle, Karimanagar district bordering            siddipet district.

Alipuram vagu

    Joins Maner river near Pottur, Rajanna Sircilla district near Karimnagar border.

Mathula vagu

    Starts in Pakhal, Nizamabad district

    Joins Maner river near Mallapur village,  Karimnagar district near Rajanna Sircilla border.

Mula vagu

    Joins Maner river near Pottur, Rajanna Sircilla district

    Nalla vagu joins Mula vagu near Vemulawada, Rajanna Sircilla district

    Nakka vagu joins Mula vagu near Lingampalle village, Rajanna Sircilla district

Nakka vagu

    Starts in Tornal, Siddipet district

    Nakka vagu joins Maner river near Turkapalle village, Rajanna Sircilla district

Kudaliar River joins Maner near Upper Maner dam, Gambhiraopet, Rajanna Sircilla district.

    Edlakatla vagu joins Kudaligr vagu near  Boppapur Siddipet district near borders of Medak and Kamareddy districts.

Lotti vagu joins Maner river near Yellapgonda, Domakonda Mandal, Kamareddy district.

Kodil vagu joins Maner river near Bhavanipet, Kamareddy Mandal, Kamareddy district.

    Sarampalli vagu joins Kodak vagu near Lingapur rural, Kamareddy district.

Kanapur gudem vagu and Kodil Vagu joins and becomes Maner river near Bhavanipet, Kamareddy Mandal, Kamareddy district.

    Attipur vagu becomes Kanapur gudem vagu near Kanapur, Kamareddy district

28) Damerakunta Pedda vagu joins Godavari river in Damerakunta, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

29) Bandla vagu joins Godavari river in Annaram, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

30) Pranahitha or Pranhita River joins Godavari at Kaleshwaram village in Mahadevpur Mandal, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District (and near Dewalwada, Kotapally Mandal, Mancherial district)

The Wardha River joins the Wainganga River and forms the Pranahita River near Thumbadihatti, Kouthala, Kumarambheem Asifabad District, Telangana and Chaparral Gadichorli, Maharashtra.

Wainganga is a river in India originating in the Mahadeo Hills in Mundara near the village Gopalganj in Seoni, Madhya Pradesh.

Wardha originates at an altitude of 777 meters Satpura Range in village khairwani near Multai, Betul District of Madhya Pradesh. 

Enters Telangana at Makidi, Sirpur(T), Kumarambheem Asifabad District and joins Wainganaga at Thumbadihatti, Kouthala, Kumarambheem Asifabad District.

Tributaries in Telangana

     Sirpur vagu joins Wardha at Navegaon, Sirpur, Kumarambheem Asifabad District.

        Malni and Vatti vagu joins to become Sirpur vagu at Sirpur Tandura, Asifabad District.

        Malni vagu starts in Mahagaon, Wankdi, Kumarambheem Asifabad District.

Pranahita Pedda vagu joins pranahita near Dimda, Kumarambheem Asifabad District.

Nagulvai vagu joins Pranahita at Sommini, Bejjur, Kumarambheem Asifabad District.

Neradi vagu joins Pranahita at Buruguda, Bejjur, Kumarambheem Asifabad District.

Asifabad Pedda vagu joins Pranahita at Nandigaon, Kumarambheem Asifabad District.

        Yerra vagu joins Pedda vagu at Amargonda, Kumarambheem Asifabad District.

            Nalla vagu joins Yerra vagu at Galigaon Asifabad and Mancherial district borders.

                Lingala vagu and Lothu vagu joins to become Nalla vagu at Jajjarvelly, Mancherial district.

Maddala vagu joins Pranahita near godampet, vemnapalli, Mancherial district.

Mancherial Pedda vagu joins Pranahita river near Vechapalle, Mancherial district.

    Bathukamma vagu joins Pedda vagu at gorlapalle village, vemnapalli, Mancherial district.

    Mutter vagu joins Pedda vagu at Kharji, Mancherial district.

31) Bandala vagu joins Godavari river near Peddampet, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

32) Garkepalle Pedda Vagu joins Godavari river near Garkepalle, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

    Two streams of Pedda vagu joins at Singampalle, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

    Gaddegunta vagu joins pedda vagu at nallagunta (meenajipet),  Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

        Neruda vagu joins Gaddegunta vagu at Chiknepalle, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

33) Sarvaipeta vagu joins Godavari river near Sarvaipeta, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.

34) Indravati River joins Godavari river near Dammur, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District.
Origin: Ghats of Dandakaranya, range from a hilltop village Mardiguda of Thuamula Rampur Block in the Kalahandi district of the state of Odisha.

Length : 535 kilometres (332 mi) 

Drainage : 41,665 square kilometres (16,087 sq mi)
Most of the river course is through dense forests of Nabarangapur & Bastar. 

35) Dhabba Thogu joins Godavari river near Chandrupatla, Mulugu District.

      Untimamidi, Sriram vagu, Dubba vagu and Gorkakunta joins Dhabba Thogu in Nugur reserve forest, Mulugu District.

          Modikunta vagu joins Gorkakunta vagu in Nugur reserve forest, Mulugu District.

36) Mada vagu joins Godavari river near Buttaigudem, Mulugu District.

37) Nirudu vagu joins Godavari river near Chikupalle, Mulugu District.

38) Gundla vagu near Pusur, Mulugu District.

39) Jampanna vagu / Laknavaram River / Sampangi Vagu joins Godavari river at Eturnagaram, Mulugu District.

       Mathari Thogu joins Jampanna  vagu near Padigapuram, Mulugu District.

       Chinnapuram Thogu joins Jampanna vagu near Vengalapuram, Mulugu District.

       Tummala vagu joins Jampanna vagu near Medaram, Mulugu District.

40) Vetti vagu / Jeedi Vadu / Jidi Vagu joins godavari river and Jampanna vagu near ramannagudem, Eturnagaram Mandal, Mulugu District.

        

41) Gaurappa vagu joins Godavari river at Mangapet, Mulugu District.

      Narasimha Thogu and Atte vagu joins to form Gaurappa vagu at cherupalle, Mulugu District.

42) Mallur vagu joins Godavari river at Chunchupalle, Mallur, Mulugu District.

43) Palem vagu (Jella vagu) joins Godavari river at Venkatapuram(Z), Mulugu District.

44) Kora / Kukkatogu vagu joins Godavari river at Marrigudem(Z), Mulugu District.

45) Thimmapuram vagu joins Godavari river at Kathigudem, Mulugu District.

46) Bayyaram Pedda vagu joins Godavari river at Bayyaram, Pinapaka, Bhadradri Kothagudem.

47) Posampalli vagu joins Godavari river at Gaddampalle, Pinapaka, Bhadradri Kothagudem.

48) Taliperu river joins Godavari river at Tegada, Mogulapalle, Cherla, Bhadradri Kothagudem.

      Pagidi vagu joins Taliperu river at Bhumalanka, Bhadradri Kothagudem district.

49) Kodipunjula vagu joins godavari river at Annaram village, Manuguru, Bhadradri Kothagudem district.

50) Sita vagu joins godavari river at parnasala, Chinnaravi gudem, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

51) Gangaler vagu / Pedha Bandirevu vagu joins godavari river at Chinnaravi gudem, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

    Gubba vagu joins ganglier vagu near Chinnanallaballi, Parnasala, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

52) Mallapalli Togu joins godavari river near Nellipaka, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

53) Turubaka Pedda Vagu / Guralla Bairu vagu joins godavari river near Turubaka village near Telangana and Andhra Pradesh border

    Parker vagu joins pedda vagu near gangavaram

54) Kinnarasani River joins godavari river near Burgam Pahad, Bhadradri Kothagudem near Telangana and Andhra Pradesh border.

    Domala vagu joins Kinnarasani river near Burgam Pahad, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

    Moreru vagu or Murredu River joins Kinnarasani river near Narayanarao Peta, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

        Idula vagu joins Moreru vagu near Thogu gudem, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

        Edula vagu joins Moreru vagu near Chatakonda, Laxmidevapalle(R) Bhadradri Kothagudem 

            Tummalla vagu joins Edula vagu near Chatakonda, Laxmidevapalle(R), Bhadradri Kothagudem 

                Alagu vagu joins Tummala vagu near Papakollu, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

                Pedda joins Tummala vagu near Karivari gudem, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

            Tolla vagu joins Edula vagu near Chatakonda, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

        Aerra vagu becomes Chinna vagu in Singabhupalem Bhadradri Kothagudem and joins Edula vagu near Chunchupally, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

            Kalluvgee vagu joins Aerra vagu near Karivari gudem, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

Pamuleru River ends at Ganagadevi guppa in Telangana and joins Godavari in Gundala, Andhra Pradesh.

     Budda vagu joins Pamula Eru near pagallapalle, mulakalapalle, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

    Dongalbanda N joins Pamuleru river near Thimmapeta, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

        Jaliloka N joins Dongalbanda N near Rachannagudem, Bhadradri Kothagudem 

Kaliperu vagu ends at Kudmalapadu, Bhadradri Kothagudem, Telangana and joins Godavari river in Andhrapradesh.

            

Maharashtra : Godavari originates in Triambakeshwar and flows through Nashik, Kopargaon, Puntamba, Paithan, Gangakhed, Nanded and Sironcha in Maharashtra state.

Andhra Pradesh : Godavari River flows through Rajahmundry, Kovvur, Dhavaleswaram, Ravulapalem, Kotipalli, Tallapudi, Narsapur and Antarvedi before joining the sea at Bay of Bengal.

Below Rajahmundry, the river divides itself into two main streams, the Gautami Godavari on the east and the Vashishta Godavari on the west and forms a large delta before it pours into the Bay of Bengal.

Settlements on Godavari River in Telangana
Basara, Nirmal District (Gnana Saraswati Temple)
Goodem gutta (Temple) Luxettipet, Mancherial District.
Mancherial
Nirmal (Nirmal Toys)
Chennur, Nirmal District
Tadpakal, Nizamabad (Armoor Toys)
Battapur, Nizamabad (Armoor Toys)
Dharmapuri, Jagitial District (Narasimha Swamy Temple)
Kotilingala, Jagitial District
Godavarikhani, Peddapalli District
Manthani, Peddapalli District (Gautameshwara Swami (Siva) Temple, Sri Rama, Sarswathi Temples)
Kaleshwaram, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District (Kaleswara Mukhteswara swamy (Siva) Temple)
Mahadevpur Jayashankar Bhupalpally District
Eturunagaram, Jayashankar Bhupalpally District
Bhadrachalam, Bhadradri Kothagudem district
Godavari Pushkaralu Ghats in Telangana

Adilabad District
Basar (V), Mudhole(M)
Wastatur (V), Lokeshwaram (M)
Soan (V), Nirmal (M)
Khannapur (V&M)
Chinthaguda (V) Jannaram(M)
Seetharampally & Mulkala (V), Mancherial (M)
Luxettipet (V), Luxettipet (M)
Gudem (V), Dandepally (M)
Vellala (V), Jaipur (M)
Chennur (V), Chennur (M)
Chinthalachanda (V), Laxmanchanda (M)
Hanman Temple, Peechara(V), Laxmanchanda (M)
Sangvi (V), Dilwarpur (M)
Nagulamma Temple Ponkal (V), Mamda (M)
Dwaraka (V), Dandepally (M)
Timbareni (V), Dilwarpur (M)
Bridge in Kamalkot (V), Manda (M)
Asta (V), Mudhole (M)
Kawtha (V), Mudhole (M)
Swarwagaon (V), Mudhole (M) 

Warangal District
Mallakatta (V), Etunagaram(M)
Ramannagudem (V), Etunagaram(M)
Mangapet (V), Mangapet(M)
Godavari Pushkaralu Ghats in Khammam District
Vista Complex at Bhadrachalam (V&M)
Bhadrachalam (V&M) Ramaghat at Parnashala (V), Dummugudem (M) Seethaghat at Parnashala (V), Dummugudem (M)
Near Anjaneyaswamy temple at Ramachandrapuram (V), Venkatapuram (M)
RHS of Godavari river at Shivalayam, Chinnarayigudemm, Manuguru Mandal 

Karimnagar District
Dharmapuri (V) & (M)
Main Ghat at Santhoshimata Temple Dharmapuri (V) & (M)
Main Ghat Mangatigadda Somavihar ghat No. 2 Dharmapuri (V) & (M)
Mahalaxmi temple Dharmapuri (V) & (M)
Thimmapur (V) Dharmapuri (M)
Kaleshwaram (V) & Mahadevpur (M)
Kotilingala (V) & Velgatoor(M)
Manthani (V) & (M)
Eardhandi (V), Ibrahimpatnam (M)
Ramalayam at Walgonda (V), Mallapur (M)
Hanuman Temple at Walgonda (V), Mallapur (M)
Hanuman Temple at Gangamma Temple (Front side) at Vempally Venkatraopet (V), Mallapur (M)
Ramalayam Bornapally (V), Raikal (M)
Kammunur (V), Sarangapur (M) Vemulakurthy (V) Ibrahimpatnam (M)
Komatikondapur (V) Ibrahimpatnam
Fakirkondapur (V), Ibrahimpatnam (M)
Mularampur (V), Ibrahimpatnam (M)
Komatikondapur(V) Ibrahimpatnam (M)
Ratnalamadugu Vemulakurthi , Yamapur(V), Ibrahimpatnam (M)
Mogilipet (V), Mallapur(M)
Obulapur(V), Mallapur(M)
Kotha Dhamrajpally (V), Mallapur (M)
Patha Dhamrajpally (V), Mallapur (M) 

Nizamabad District
Sri.Shivalayam temple (Thriveni Sangamam), Kandakurthy (V), Renjal (M)
Hanuman temple, Kosli(V), Navipet (M)
Sri.Shivalayam and Hanuman temple, Thadbiloli (V), Renjal (M),
Sri. Gouthameshwara Swami temple, Binola (V), Navipet (M)
Sri. Hanuman temple, Tungini(V), Navipet (M)
Tadpakal (V), Morthad (M)
Ummeda (V), Nandipet (M)
SRSP Camp colony, Pochampadu (V), Balkonda (M)


References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godavari_River#Within_Telangana
http://godavaripushkaralu.net/godavaripushkaralu2015.html
http://www.telanganastateinfo.com/godavari-pushkaralu-ghats-in-telangana/
http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/telangana-banks-on-pranahita-and-indravati/article8149919.ece

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