Vemulawada Temple

The presiding deity Sri Raja Rajeswara Swamy is also called as Rajanna of Vemulawada is in the form of Neela Lohitha Siva Lingam is known for his boundless benevolence in fulfilling the wishes of the devotees.

The shrine is located at the center of the town a top a small hill. The temple has a gateway leading up the hill and a typical south Indian style gopuram marks the entrance to the shrine.

The temple attracts maximum devotees during Shivratri and during Kartik Month (November – December) in Telugu Calendar.

It is believed that if one pulls a bull around the temple one’s wishes will be fulfilled.

Vemulavada is about 180 kms from Hyderabad and 35 kms from Karimanagar.

It is believed that the architecturally beautiful shrine was built between 9th and 10th century by Vemulawada Chalukyas. The Rajeswara temple is obviously so named, either because it was built by Rajaditya which was the Biruda of Narasimha I, of the Chalukyas of Vemulavada, who was the grandson of Vinayaditya Yuddhamalla I, or is named after him.

The shrine has got a holy tank named Dharma Gundam, the waters of the tank is believed to have medicinal properties. 

Legend has it that once upon a time god Indra went to many holy places after he killed Vrithasura and still could not purify his life. Then he took the advice from the guru of gods, Bruhaspathi to visit Sri Raja Rajeshwara kshetram. There he took the holy dip in dharma-gundam and took the blessings of lord Sri Raja Rajeshwara and ruled a golden age of the history. By this ancient story, history gives us the evidence of existence of lord Sri Raja Rajeshwara in Krita yuga.

Another historical story about how the dharma-gundam was built. Once upon a time a king named Sri Raja Raja Narendra came to this place while hunting wild animals. But accidentally he killed a Brahmin boy with an arrow while the boy was drinking water from a pond. Then with the curse of Brahma hatya he got an incurable disease and went on pilgrimage to many holy places and returned back to this place. One day he drank the holy water from the dharma gundam and slept the night praying the lord Sri Raja Rajeshwara Swamy. In his dreams lord shiva asked him, that to take lords existence, the lingam from the dharma-gundam and put in a temple.

When the king woke up in the morning he found that his incurable disease got cured. Then he built steps to the dharma gundam and cleaned lord Sri Raja Rajeshwara swamy lingam and built a temple on the hill to keep the lingam inside the temple. But while he was sleeping in the night holy sidhas came and established the gods idol inside the temple. When king was worried about missing the chance to establish the shiva linga, god came in to this dreams and promised that kings name will be associated with the place forever.

It is been said in many mythologies that Sri Raja Rajeshwara Swamy lingam existed in Krita Yuga, Treta Yuga and Dwapara Yuga. And this holy place was visited and praised by many holy persons in Indian ancient history and got never ending importance in holy pilgrimage.
There are numerous smaller shrines in the temple complex. Important among them are Sri Anantha Padmanabha Swamy form of Vishnu with Krishna murti in the center and another one dedicated to Sita Ramaswamy. There are also other shrines in the complex dedicated to Shiva and Durga.

The Temple picturesquely stands on the bank of a large Tank which is called as Gudicheruvu. The Garbha – Griha [Mahamandapam] has “Sri Lakshmi Ganapathi”; Lord Raja Rajeshwara in the form of Neelalohitha Siva Linga ; Goddess Sri Raja Rajeshwari Devi and Nandeeshwara facing the Lord. The sanctum sanatorium encloses Sri Anantha Padmanabha Swamy Temple; Sri Seetharama Chandra Swamy Temple; Sri Anjaneya Sahitha Kasi Visweswara Swamy

This Shrine is popularly known as ‘Dakshina Kasi’ [Southern Banaras] and also as “Harihara Kshetram” for their being two Vaisnava Temples in main Temple complex i.e., Sri Anantha Padmanabha Swamy Temple & Sri Seetharama Chandra Swamy Temple and Sri Anantha Padmanabha Swamy is Kesthra Palaka of this Temple being consecrated with Pujas/ festive rituals [both Shivate & Vaisnavate festivals] and Sreerama Navami is the 2nd major festival in this temple.

Religious bodies--temples and mosques are usually found in separate places as devotees of the respective religions prefer to worship at their own place of worship. Exception to this is Vemulawada Sri Rajarajeshwari Swamy temple, popularly known as Dakshina Kasi. As the tomb of a Muslim saint is in the temple premises, both Hindus and Muslims offer obeisance to Lord Shiva and Allah, a fine example of communal harmony.

http://www.vemulawadatemple.org/
http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/article147562.ece
http://www.hindu-blog.com/2015/07/vemulawada-shiva-temple-history-and.html

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Hyderabad District History

Hyderabad the capital of Telangana, founded in the year 1591 by Mohammed Quli Qutub Shah, the fifth sultan of Qutb Shahi dynasty, offers a fascinating panorama of the past, with richly mixed cultural and historical tradition spanning over 400 years. It is one of the fastest growing cities of India and has emerged as a strong industrial, commercial, technology center, gives a picture of glimpses of past splenders and the legacy of its old history.

300 BC - 185 BC : Mauryan Empire
Archaeologists excavating near the city have unearthed Iron Age sites that can be dated to 500 BCE.The area around Hyderabad was ruled by the Mauryan Empire in the third century B.C during the reign of Ashoka the Great.

230 BC – 220 AD : Satavahanas ( Were vassals of Mauryan Empire)​
After the death of Ashoka (232 BCE), as the Maurya Empire began to weaken and decline, the Sātavāhanas who started out as feudatories to the Mauryan dynasty, declared independence and established their empire in this region. he territory of the empire covered much of the Deccan plateau & central India for 450 years

220 AD - 250 AD : Ikshvaku Tribe

After the decline of the Satavahana Empire in 220 AD, the region came under the rule of the Telugu Ikshvaku dynasty (225 AD - 325 AD), the successors of the Satavahanas in the eastern Deccan.

250 AD - 500 AD : Vakataka Dynasty

500 AD - 543 AD : VishnukundinsThe boulder with inscriptions of Vishnukundins period at Chaitanyapuri in Hyderabad was discovered by Dr. Sastry

543 AD - 753 AD : Badami Chalukyas

753 AD - 982 AD : Rashtrakuta Dynasty

982 AD - 1158 AD : Western Chalukyas (Kalyani Chalukyas)

1158 AD - 1323 AD : Kakatiya Dynasty

1323 AD - 1336 AD : Tughlaq Dynasty (1320 AD - 1413 AD)
1323 AD - 1325 AD : Ulug Khan or Muhammad bin Tughluq (1325 AD -1351 AD)
Ghiyasuddin Tughluq's son and general Ulugh Khan (Muhammad bin Tughluq) captured Warangal in 1323, Ulugh Khan himself took over the Governorship of what is now a new province of "Teling" (Telangana) in the Sultanate. Gannaya was captured and converted to Islam, given the name Malik Maqbul and found a place in the new regime. When Ulugh Khan left for Delhi soon afterwards, he left Warangal in the charge of Malik Maqbul. Ulugh Khan succeeded Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq as the new Sultan of Delhi under the name Muhammad bin Tughluq

1325 AD - 1336 AD : Malik Maqbul or Gona Gannaya III

Was a commander of the Kakatiya Empire under Prataparudra (r. 1289–1323). Marana's Markandeya Puranamu (in Telugu) names him as "Gannavibhudu" and describes him as the commander (Kataka paludu) of Warangal Fort, the capital of Kakatiyas. The term Mala Devudu (meaning "Lord") implies that he was very high up in the hierarchy.

1336 AD : Kapaya Nayaka took control of Warangal from Malik Maqbul 

1336 AD - 1363 AD : Musunuri Kapaya Nayaka (1333 AD - 1368 AD)

Capital : Warangal

1336 AD : Kapaya Nayaka led a larger rebellion against the Tughluq rule, driving it out of Warangal in 1336. According to the Kaluvacheru grant of Anithalli, a female member of the Panta Reddi clan in 1423, Kapaya Nayaka was assisted by 75 Nayakas. The grant also states that Prolaya Vema Reddi was one among these 75 Nayakas.

March 23, 1363 : Bahmani Muhammad Shah-I captured Warangal and Golconda Forts

1363 AD - 1518 AD : Bahmani Sultanate / Kingdom (1347 AD - 1527 AD)
Founder : Zafar Khan or Hasan Gangu or Allauddin Hassan or Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah

Capitals : Kalaburgi /Aḥsanabad now Gulbarga (1347–1425), Muhammadabad now Bidar (1425–1527)
Religion: Sunni Islam
Languages : Persian, Marathi, Deccani Urdu, Telugu, Kannada

11th February 1358 to 21st April 1375 A.D : Muhammad Shah-I

He is better known as organizer of Bahmani Kingdom and founder of its institutions.
March 23, 1363 : His attack on Warangal in 1363 brought him a large indemnity, including the important fortress of Golkonda and his Silver throne from his father was replaced by the magnificent Takht-e-Firoza (Turquoise Throne) presented by Kapaya Nayak, which thereafter became the throne of the Bahmani kings.

1363 AD : Governor Azam - i - Humayun

The expedition against golconda was led by Azam - i - Humayun accompanied by armies of Bidar and Mahur.

1461 AD : Khaja-i-Jahan governor of Golconda

1481 AD - 1496 AD: Qiwamul Mulk governor of Golconda

Occupied forts of Elgandal and Molangor in Karimnagar

1496 AD - 1518 AD : Sultan Quli Qutb-ul-Mulk governor of Golconda

Sultan Quli Khawas Khan Hamdani served the Bahmani sultan Mahmood Shah Bahmani II, and was awarded the title Qutb-ul-Mulk (Pillar of the Realm) as military chief and was made the tarafdar of Golconda in 1496.

After the collapse of Bahmani Sultanate, he eventually took control of Golconda and the Qutb Shahi dynasty was established in 1518 AD by Sultan-Quli Qutb-ul-Mulk, better known though less correctly referred to in English as "Quli Qutb Shah".

1512 AD : Semi Independent Rule did not declare complete independence yet.

1518 AD – 1687 AD : Qutbshahis / Golconda Sultanate

Founder : Sultan Quli Khawas Khan Hamdani or Sultan Quli Qutb-ul-Mulk
Quli Qutb Shah seized the reins of power from the Bahamani kingdom in 1512 and established the fortress city of Golconda. Inadequacy of water, and frequent epidemics of plague and cholera persuaded Mohammed Quli Qutub Shah to venture outward to establish new city with the Charminar at its centre and with four great roads fanning out four cardinal directions.

1518 AD -1543 AD : Sultan Quli Qutb-ul-Mulk

1543 AD - 1550 AD : Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah

1550 AD : Subhan Quli Qutb Shah
Subhan Quli Qutb Shah (1543–1550) was 7 years old, when he became Sultan of Golconda, after the death of his father Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah

1550 AD - 1580 AD : Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shah
1564 AD : Golconda, Hyderabad.
Language : Arabic and Persian. A number of epitaphs belonging to men of different stations in life were copied at Golconda, Hyderabad. Of these, the most important are those, found at Golconda, of the sons of the celebrated Qutb Shahi prime-minister and king's deputy Amir Kamalu'd-Din Husain Ardastani, entitled Mustafa Khan, one records the demise of Mirza 'AH who died in A.H. 966 (A.D. 1559) and the other of Shan 'Abdu'l-Qasim, who expired in A.H. 971 (A.D. 1564). Other epigraphs, also from the same place, record the demise and mark the graves of Sayyid Abu Talib Astarabadi (d. A.H. 996=A.D. 1587-88), Amir Sayyid Husain Mustafa Khan (d. circa sixteenth century A.D.) and Mir Yahya. Son of Mirza Nizamu'd-Din Ahmad (A.H. 1082-A.D. 1671).

1569 AD :  Some new epigraphs have been found in a mosque situated close to the Jallad Burj in
the Naya Qala at Golconda. It is a small but beautiful structure and has a dish-shaped vaulted roof. The Mosque, according to an inscription carved on it, was constructed by Mulla Khiyali, who was one of the court poets of Ibrahim Qutb Shah.

During the Qutb Shahi reign Golconda became one of the leading markets in the world of diamonds, pearls, steel for arms, and also printed fabric. The glory of the Golconda kingdom ended in 1687, after a valiant struggle. Aurangzeb, the last great Mughal ruler, captured Golconda after a siege that lasted eight months.

From nawabs and pearls to the world's hi-tech happening point, the city's journey is fascinating. The sprawling metropolis is coming to terms with itself at the start of the new millenium. The Qutb Shahi dynasty founded the Kingdom of Golconda, one of the five kingdoms that emerged after the break up of the Bahamani Kingdom. The Qutb Shahis ruled the Deccan for almost 171 years.All the seven rulers were patrons of learning and were great builders. They contributed to the growth and development of Indo-Persian and Indo-Islamic literature and culture in Hyderabad.

Abul Hasan Tana Shah, the last king of Golconda, was imprisoned at Daulatabad, where he died after twelve years in captivity.


1687 AD - 1724 AD : Mughal Empire Hyderabad's fame, strategic location and Golconda's legendary wealth attracted Aurangazeb who captured Golconda after a long seize in 1687. After this defeat the importance of Hyderabad declined and the city fell into partial ruins. As the Moghul empire decayed and began to disintegrate, the viceroy, Asaf Jah I proclaimed himself the Nizam and established independence rule of the Deccan.

1724 AD - 1948 AD : Asaf Jahis
With the conquest of the Deccan and the South, Aurangzeb succeeded in expanding the Mughal Empire to cover the entire sub-continent. However, after his death in 1707, the Empire rapidly declined. At that time , the Deccan was administered by a Subedar or viceroy of the Mughal Emperor. Mir Quamaruddin, the Governor of the Deccan, who bore the title of Nizam-ul-Mulk Feroze Jung Asif Jah, declared his independence from Mughal rule in 1724.He thus became the first Nizam and the founder of the Asif Jahi dynasty.

Hyderabad once again became a major capital city, ruled by successive Nizams of the Asaf Jahi dynasty until the state was merged into Indian Union in 1948.

SECUNDERABAD: In 1798, a subsidiary alliance for military and political cooperation was signed between the Nizam and the British East India company. There after an area north of what is now the Hussain Sagar was established as a cantonment. The area was named Secunderabad after the then Nizam, Sikander Jah.

Asif Jah I continued to maintain Aruangabad, which had been founded by the Mughal rulers as the capital of his new state. In 1769, Nizam Ali Khan Asif Jah II, shifted the capital to Hyderabad. The seven Nizam's of the Asif Jahi dynasty ruled the Deccan for nearly 224 years, right up to 1948. During the Asif Jahi period, Persian, Urdu, Telugu and Marathi developed simultaneously. The highest official positions were given to deserving persons irrespective of their religion.

Persian was the official language up to 1893 and then Urdu up to 1948. When the British and the French spread their hold over the country, the Nizam soon won their friendship without bequeathing his power. The title "Faithful. Ally of the British Government" was bestowed on Nizam VII. The British stationed a Resident at Hyderabad, but the state continued to be ruled by the Nizam. The rule of the seven Nizam's saw the growth of Hyderabad both culturally and economically. Huge reservoirs, like the Nizam Sagar, Tungabadra, Osman Sagar, Himayath Sagar, and others were built. Survey work on Nagarjuna Sagar had also begun during this time. Hyderabad, under the Nizam's, was the largest princely state in India. Area wise it was as big as England and Scotland put together. The State had its own currency, mint, railways, and postal system. There was no income tax.



http://www.ghmc.gov.in/hyd/hydhistory.asp

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Rangareddy District History

Ranga Reddy District initial called as Hyderabad Rural was formed on 15th August, 1978 by carving out some portion of Hyderabad Urban Taluk & the merger of the entire Rural and Urban Areas of the remaining Taluks of Erstwhile Hyderabad District.

The Name of the District was Hyderabad (Rural) to begin with. It was changed as K.V. Ranga Reddy District and later on Ranga Reddy District. It was named after famous freedom fighter and Deputy Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh Sri K.V. Ranga Reddy.

The district encircles the city and district of Hyderabad, and the city of Hyderabad also serves as the administrative center of the district. The district headquarters is Vikarabad. The district has 1055 villages grouped into 37 mandals.

Location : The District is located in the Central Part of the Deccan Plateau and lies between 160 30' and 180 20' of North Latitude and 77030' and 79030' of East Longitudes.

Boundaries : The District is bounded on the North by Medak District, East by Nalgonda District, South by Mahaboobnagar District, West by Gulbarga District & North West of Bidar District of Karnataka State. It covers an area of 7564.88 Sq. Kms.

Ranga Reddy District is at the cross roads of India geographically, historically and has been the meeting ground for the fusion of various civilisations, religions, races, cultures, languages and traditions with the twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad as its core.

This District including present Hyderabad Urban District was formerly known as Atrafe- Balda District and was a part of the gulshanabad, Medak Division (Subah). In 1931-34 Baghat taluk from Atraf-e-Balda District was made a separate Baghat District under the Commissioner (Subedar) of Medak Division. After police Action in 1948., Atraf-a-Balda and Baghat District were merged to from the Hyderabad District. Later in 1978, it was split into Hyderabad Urban District and Hyderabad Rural District or Ranga Reddy District.

Administrative Divisions : Prior to 25-5-1985, the District was administered with 3 Revenue Divisions and 11 taluks . These Taluks had been further sub-divided into 42 Firkas, Each of which in turn consists of a Number of Villages.

However 11 erstwhile Taluks were delimited into 10 Panchayat Samithis, almost coterminus with the taluks except for a few minor changes in respect of Medchal, Hayathnagar, Ibrahimpatnam, Maheshwaram and Rajendranagar Taluks.


300 BC - 185 BC : Mauryan Empire


230 BC – 220 AD : Satavahanas ( Were vassals of Mauryan Empire)​

220 AD - 250 AD : Ikshvaku Tribe



250 AD - 500 AD : Vakataka Dynasty

500 AD - 543 AD : VishnukundinsKeesaragutta was constructed during the Vishnukundin period (an Indian dynasty that controlled parts of the country during the 5th and 6th centuries AD).



543 AD - 753 AD : Badami Chalukyas


753 AD - 982 AD : Rashtrakuta Dynasty


982 AD - 1158 AD : Western Chalukyas (Kalyani Chalukyas)

Asaga Bhupati Rashtrakuta
16th September, 1067 AD : Chilkur, Rangareddy

Devulappali to the temple of Sarabesvara built by his mother, Sayinimmadi Devi-to Polisetti, the chief of the Nakara of the town was granted (Angali Siddhaya) one dramma, from the Uttama, 6 from Madhyama and 44 Kanishta varieties of shops.

A long prasasti of Asaga Bhupati the Rashtrakuta containing the following significant titles Chola gaja Ghatamalla, Chola bala jalahdhi halahanala-Chola kataka Surekara, Kaveri Ankakara, which evidently refer to his victories over the Chola armies, during the Trailokyamalladeva's invasion of the Chola country.

The record is dated Saka 989, Plavunga, Asviyuja, Su. 5. Vaddavara. (16th September 1067 A.D....Sunday).

1158 AD - 1323 AD : Kakatiya Dynasty


1323 AD - 1336 AD : Tughlaq Dynasty

1325 AD – 1350 AD : Musunuri Nayaks

1350 AD – 1518 AD : Bahmani Sultanate / Kingdom (1347 AD - 1527 AD)
Founder : Zafar Khan or Hasan Gangu or Allauddin Hassan or Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah

Jul 30, 1463 - Mar 26, 1482 A.D : Muhammad Shah-lll
1470-71 : Kondurg, Mahbubnagar.

An inscription from Kundrug set up during the reign of Shamsu'd-Din Muhammad Shah, son of Humayun Shah, states that the mosque (on which it appears) was built in A.H. 875 (A.D. 1470-71) at the instance of Khan-i-A'zam Farhat Khan, and through the efforts of Maliku'sh Sharq Ma'ruf Khani.

Maliku'sh Sharq Ma'ruf Khani.

Bahamani Sultan Kingdom has spread the wars to this area during their period to face the Vijayanagar Kings and others. The main centres of these kings are Gulbharga, Raichur and other forts, which are surroundings of this district. So many wars took place in this area. Sultan has been occurred at Krishna and Bhima river confluence led by Ramaraya of Vijaya Nagar.

1518 AD – 1687 AD : Qutbshahis / Golconda Sultanate


1687 AD - 1724 AD : Mughal Empire


1724 AD - 1948 AD : Asaf Jahis

http://telanaganahistory.blogspot.com/2010/01/brief-about-rangareddy-district-profile.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranga_Reddy_district

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Warangal District History

Orugallu or Ekashila or Warangal was the capital of Kaktiya dynasty. Warangal and Hanamkonda as legend goes is linked with the dynasties of Great "Vishnukundins" and even prior to it also of the Buddhist and pre_Buddhist periods of indian History.During Eighth Century A.D. , Warangal with an old name "Orukal" has served as Capital City of Yadava king of the Kakatiyas or Ganapatis making Warangal as Capital City.The name of Warangal "Orugallu" is said to be correct form of Orukal which is the original designation, the old town.

700 BC - 300 BC : Assaka/Asmaka/Ashmaka (The 16 Mahajanapadas)
300 BC - 185 BC : Mauryan Empire

230 BC – 220 AD : Satavahanas ( Were vassals of Mauryan Empire)​

220 AD - 250 AD : Ikshvaku Tribe

250 AD - 500 AD : Vakataka Dynasty

500 AD - 543 AD : Vishnukundins

543 AD - 753 AD : Badami Chalukyas

753 AD - 973 AD : Rashrakuta Dynasty 

Kakatiyas ruled as vassals to Rashrakuta Dynasty 

848 AD - 888 AD : Sankaraganda
It is said that many Jaina Basadis were built by Mahamandaleshwarudu Shankaragandaras of Kolanupaka during Rashtrakuta rulers period

753 AD - 756 AD : Dantidurga

973 AD - 1163 AD : Western Chalukyas (Kalyani Chalukyas) 

Bhimarasa

932-33 AD : Kajipet, Warangal District.
Dated Nandana (A.D. 932-33). Records some awards to the local officials and some specifications of fines for offences. The king’s feudatory Satyasraya Bhimarasa is referred to as Mahamandalesvara.

Kakatiyas ruled as vassals to Western Chalukyas with Kakatipura, Anumakonda (Hanumkonda), Orugallu (Warangal) as there capitals.

Polavasa chiefs were based immediately north of the Kakatiya territories. They ruled over most of Karimnagar district and the northern part of Warangal district from their capital at Polavasa, which is the modern-day Polas in Jagtial taluk. 

1003 AD - 1007 AD : Gunagarasa
1004 AD : Narayanagiri, Warangal District.
This inscription is inscribed on a boulder outside the village. It states that a certain chief named Gunagarasa who bears the titles Ekkala-sahasa, mahasamantadhipati, Satyagraha kulanvaya was ruling the kingdom, his subordinate Gamgeyarasar granted some gift to the god Mallikarjuna installed by his padida Samkamayya.

1006 AD : Narayanagiri, Warangal.
The epigraph is in Kannada and dated Saka 928 (A.D. 1006), records the conservation of the deity Mallikarjuna by a certain Gangeyya, the Sumka-verggade of kings. The king Gunagarasa belonging to Satyasraya-kula, is eulogised in the epigraph as Raja Vidyadhara, Tumgavedanga and Ekkalasahasa.

Jaffarghad, Warangal District : Rashtrakuta.
This inscription is on a rock near the tank. The record begins with the eulogy of the Rashtrakuta family and a subordinate family called Panara-kula. It records the construction of the tank by a certain Samkaraganda of Panara-kula.

Kakatiya Dynasty

1076 AD - 1108 AD: Beta II (Tribhuvana Malla)
25th December, 1082 AD : Banajipe, Narsampet 
Pillar lying near Central Primary School. Built in records the gift of land and house sites by mahamandalesvara Kakatya Betarasa to Vir[ai]kamala Jinalaya built by mahamandalesvara Madarasa of Uravadi a subordinate of Tribhuvanamalla Vikramaditya (VI). The latter was stated to have belonged to Vengonda-kula and to the family of Madhavavarma who was described as a possessor of 8000 elephants, 10 crores of horses and countless foot-soldiers. The inscription was written by Aryapayya and Sridhara.

26th December A.D. 1079 : Kumarapalli, Warangal District.
This inscription is near Malapochamma temple. States that on the occasion of the Solar eclipse in S. 1001, Siddharthi (A.D. 1079, December, 26th Thursday), Mahamandalesvara Betarajulu who bears the title Vikramachakri made a gift of land, a house and an oil mill free from all impediments for maintaining perpetual lamp(s) in the shrines of Prolesvara and Betesvara.

1116 AD - 1158 AD : Prolla II Brother of Durgaraja. Son of Beta II

March 4, 1120 AD : Matedu Inscription of Prola II

The Telugu inscription is on a stone in front of the Gopalaswamy temple and records the gift of lands for offerings etc., to the temples of Mahadeva, Vinayaka and Kesavadeva, consecrated by Mahasamanta Vemabola Boddama-Mallenayaka, the servant (bantu) of Mahamandalesvara Kakatiya Prolaraja on Vaddvaru su 3, of Chaitra in the year Sarvari, corresponding to the Saka year 1042= Thursday 4 March A.D. 1120.

1122 AD : Polavasa Dynasty
11th February, 1122 AD : Govindapur, Narsampet Taluk, Warangal District
This inscription is on a stone pillar erected in the tank called Komaticheruvu. Built in. Traces the genealogy of the chiefs Meda and Gunda belonging to Madhavavarmman's family and introduces Nagadeva, the minister of Gunda. States that Nagadeva was described as the follower of Meghachandra Siddhanta Deva, a Jaina pontiff of Krandrgana and Meshapashana- gacbcha who constructed the temple of Parsva Jinesvara and donated gift of lands with the consent of Medaraja. It also records the gift of lands by the merchants belonging to Vaji-kula of Sanagara.

1158 - 1323 AD : Kakatiya Dynasty Independent rule

1158 AD - 1195 AD : Rudradeva Son of Prola II
1195 AD - 1199 AD : Mahadeva Brother.

1199 AD - 1261 AD: Ganpatideva

1261 AD - 1289 AD : Rudramadevi

1289 AD - 1323 AD : Prataparudra

1310 : Malik Kafur general of Delhi Sultanate Alauddin Khilji defeated Prataprudra II and was forced to pay annual tribute to Delhi. It was probably at this time that the Koh-i-Noor diamond passed from Kakatiya ownership to that of Alauddin, along with 20,000 horses and 100 elephants

1323 : Ulug Khan son of Ghiyasuddin captured Warangal from Parataparudra II.

1323 AD - 1336 AD :  Tughlaq Dynasty (1320 AD - 1413 AD)

1323 AD - 1325 AD : Ulug Khan or Muhammad bin Tughluq (1325 AD -1351 AD)

Ghiyasuddin Tughluq's son and general Ulugh Khan (Muhammad bin Tughluq) captured Warangal in 1323, Ulugh Khan himself took over the Governorship of what is now a new province of "Teling" (Telangana) in the Sultanate. Gannaya was captured and converted to Islam, given the name Malik Maqbul and found a place in the new regime. When Ulugh Khan left for Delhi soon afterwards, he left Warangal in the charge of Malik Maqbul. Ulugh Khan succeeded Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq as the new Sultan of Delhi under the name Muhammad bin Tughluq

1325 AD - 1336 AD : Malik Maqbul or Gona Gannaya III, was a commander of the Kakatiya Empire under Prataparudra (r. 1289–1323). Marana's Markandeya Puranamu (in Telugu) names him as "Gannavibhudu" and describes him as the commander (Kataka paludu) of Warangal Fort, the capital of Kakatiyas. The term Mala Devudu (meaning "Lord") implies that he was very high up in the hierarchy.

1336 AD :  Kapaya Nayaka took control of Warangal from Malik Maqbul

1336 AD - 1368 AD : Musunuri Kapaya Nayak

1328 AD : A movement was started at Rekapalli on the bank of the Godavari under the leadership of Musunuri Prolaya Nayaka and his cousin Kapaya Nayaka

Kapaya Nayaka became the ruler in A.D.1333, after the demise of Prolaya Nayaka, and captured Warangal in 1336 AD.

Aug 3, 1347  - Feb 11, 1358 A.D : Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah 

1347 AD : In 1347 AD Bahmani Dynasty was formed by Bahman Shah who wrested deccan from delhi 

1350: Bahman Shah led his first campaign against Warangal in 1350 by Bahadur Khan and forced its ruler Kapaya Nayaka to cede to him the fortress of Kaulas in Kamareddy. 

Bahman Shah divided his kingdom into 4 provinces, the capitals of which are Gulbarga, Daulatabad, Ellichpur and Bidar. Bidar has Kandhar, Indur and Kaulas

1355 AD : Ala-ud-Din Hasan Bahman Shah attacked Telangana with a much larger army and conquered some forts, which involved Bhuvanagiri. 

March 23, 1363 : Vinayaka Deva, the son of Kaapaya was sent to free the fort of Bhuvanagiri and Kaulas from Bhaman Shah. He was being helped by Bukka Raya, the king of Vijayanagar. However, eventually he was killed in a disastrous manner.

Mahumad Shah sent Azami-i-Humayun to occupy Golconda and the expedition against Warangal was led by Saffdar Khan Sistani with the army of Berar. 

Kapaya Nayak fled from his capital and took refuge in the jungles, at the same time sending many of his most trusty and able couriers to Bahadur Khan  to entreat him to use his influence to sign a treaty with Bahadur Khan as  intermediary. 

Muhamad Shah retied to Bidar and left Azami-i-Humayun in Golconda and Bahadur Kahn in Kaulas to see that terms of peace were fulfilled. 

1364 AD : Warangal was ceded by the Musunuri Kapaya Naidu to the Bahmani Sultanate as part of a treaty in 1364. Signed a treaty with three hundred elephants, thirteen lake of huns, and two hundred horses.  In a second audience the envoys presented to Muhammad Shah a precious turquoise throne of warangal (jeweled throne ) which had originally been  made by Prataparudradeva II for Muhammad bin Tugghlaq. This throne, which was afterwards known as the takht-i-firusa was made of ebony and was three yards in length and two and half in breadth. It was overlaid with plates of gold heavily jeweled which were removable and packed in box for travelling. In the reign of Mahumad Shah the throne was valued at ten millions of huns or 400,000 pounds. Muhamad Shah, in consideration of this splendid gift gave a solemn undertaking that he would regard Golconda as his frontier and would not seek warangal unless the raja should break the peace.

1368 AD : Recherla Nayakas Anavotha nayaka, son of Singama nayaka along with his brother Mada nayaka, fought several battles with the Kondaveeti Reddy rulers and Vijayanagara rulers. He also killed the Musunuri ruler Kapaya nayaka in 1368. He conquered the Warangal, Panagallu and Bhuvanagiri forts and took the title of “Tribhuvana Rayarao’.

1368 AD - 1383 AD : Recherla Anavotha nayaka (1361 AD - 1383 AD)
Capital : Rachakonda

1383 AD - 1399 AD : Recherla Singama nayaka-II / Singabhupala-II

1399 AD -1421 AD : Recherla Anavotha Nayaka-II

Anapotanayaka mounted a successful campaign in 1417 AD against Panugallu. During the campaign the Bahamani sultan Tajuddin Ferozshah laid siege to Panugallu. At that time Panugallu was under the Vijayanagara kings. The Recherla Nayaks also went along with their armies to help Ferozshah, but during the campaign their relations soured. Seeing the opportunity Devaraya I negotiated with the Velamanayakas and turned them into his favor. During a fierce battle at Panagallu fort the Velamanayakas like Anapotanayaka came over to the side of Devaraya along with their armies. Due to this Ferozshah ‘s assumed victory turned into defeat and he could barely escape and reach his capital Gulbarga. Anapotanayaka died during this battle in 1421 AD.

1421 AD - 1430 AD : Recherla Mada Nayaka II  of Devarakonda

After Anapotanayaka, his brother Madanayaka came to the throne in 1421 AD.,probably because Anapotanayaka’s eldest son Singamanayaka was too young to assume charge.

1423 AD : Khan-i-Azam Abdul Latif Khan Governor of Telangana

1424 AD : After the battle of Panagallu, the recherla's maintained enmity with the Bahmani Sultans and helped the Vijayanagara rulers in every way they could. During the battle between Ahmed Shah (Bahmani sultan) and Devaraya-II in 1424, Madanayaka helped the latter. Because of this, though Ahmed Shah made peace with Devaraya.

1425 AD : Khan-i-Azam Abdul Latif Khan

1425 AD : after the battle was over, he sent his deputy, Azam Khan to capture Warangal (kingdom of Mada nayaka). In this battle, Azam Khan captured not only Warangal,but also many forts in Rachakonda and Devarakonda kingdoms.

When Ahmad Shah was immersed in a war with the Sultan of Gujarat, the Rachakonda kings recovered all their lost forts.

1430 AD - 1458 AD : Recherla Singama Nayaka III son of Anavotha Nayaka II
In Devarakonda, the contemporary of Mummadi Singhabhupala was the son of Kumara Madanayaka, known as Lingamanayaka. Lingamanedu was very valiant in battle and at the age of 12 years itself, he led the forces and fought a battle. The Vamsavali attributes a lot of victories to him, but many of them could not be confirmed. However, it is certain that Lingamanedu’s attack on the Rajamahendravaram Reddy kingdom weakened and destroyed it. 

The Recherla Nayaks of Rachakonda and Devarakonda supported the Bahamani Sultan’s for sometime, the Vijayanagara kings for sometime and the Gajapati’s of Orissa for sometime and fought with their respective enemies.

1457 AD : Sanjar Khan as Governor of Telingaṇa conferring Bhongir as Jagir on him

1458 AD - 1460 AD : Sanjar Khan general of Humayun Bahman Shah 

Captured warangal in 1458 AD and ceased to exist as independent kingdom and marched against Devarakonda. Recherla Lingama Nayaka sought help from Orissa Gajapathis.

Sanjar Khan was fighting the ‘Uriah leader of Telingana’, who had ‘nearly two hundred thousand elephants’. This could be none other than the Gajapati king, and the way in which he is referred to shows that he was the ruler of the neighbouring kingdom.

Firishta says that the motive that led the Gajapati king to help the Raja of Devarakonda was the temptation of the ‘offers of great sums of money’ by the Raja of Devarakonda.

1460 AD: Gajapati Kapileswara of Orissa
2nd February, 1460 A.D : conquest of Warangal Fort by Kapilesvara's son Hambira or Ambira and Raghudeva was the second in command. It is interesting to note that Hambira`s inscription is found on the eastern gate of the Warangal fort while Raghudeva`s record is incised on its western gate, locally known as the fifth gate. This appears to show that the two leaders of the Gajapati forces led the attack on the Warangal fort from two different sides. 

The conquest of Warangal by the generals of Kapileswara is one of the events in the struggle between the Bahmanis of Gulbarga and the Gajapatis of Orissa. Varumgallu(Warangal) within the domination of Umainusaha (saha) described as the Suratana of Kalubaraga, i.e. the Bahmani Sultan Humayan Shah (1458-61 A.D.) of Gulbarga

This land is stated to have been situated in the western tract of the Andhra country which formed a part of 
Bharatavarsha lying in the Jambudvipa section of the earth. This is in consonance with the old conception according to which Jambu-dvipa was one of the four or seven dripas constituting the earth.

The inscription is important as it confirms the statement of Firishta that the Gajapati king intervened in the political affairs of Telingana to the detriment of the interests of the Bahmani kingdom. Firishta states that when the Bahmani forces besieged Devarakonda, the Gajapati king sent some forces to help the ruler of Devarakonda. It was probably this same expeditionary force that marched to Warangal after relieving Devarakonda, and under the command of Ambira-deva succeeded in capturing the Warangal fort. The name of the fort, Varumgallu, is interesting as a development from Orugallu.  

1460 AD - 1464 AD : Dharma Nayaka son of Singama Nayaka III

1462 A.D: Shayampet inscription - Dharmanayudu / Dharmanayaka, brother of Singama nayaka-III was appointed as the ruler of Warangal. However, now Recherla Nayaks became the tributaries of the Gajapatis of Orissa.

21st April, A.D. 1464 : Sayampeta, Parakal 
This long but incomplete inscription belongs to the Recherla chiefs, and records the gift of the village of Muccherla together with Mandapalle in Kothagattu sthala included, in the Voruganti Sima, with all the rights together with all the cultivators (Krishi valulu) on the occasion of lunar eclipse to God Tiruvengalesvara of Machcherla and to 12 Ayyangars and 12 Mahajanas both numbering 24 by Ravu Dharma Naidu’s son of Pinnamanayadu and Singamamba, grandson of Peda Anapotanayaka. The chief bears all the usual titles of the Recheria chiefs including, Kakatirajya Sthapana Acharya. The gifted village was divided into 34 vrittis of which 10 vrittis were allotted for the God Tiruvengalesvara of Macherla. 12 vrittis to Ayyangars and 12 vrittis to Mahajana and for the 24 murttis. On the second side, the name of the donors with their gotras and pedigrees are given. This is dated in S. 1386, Tarona, Vaisakha Su. 15. Vaddavara, Lunar eclipse; corresponding to Sunday 21st April, 1464 A.D.

This inscription is on a stone pillar erected about two furlongs off from Venkateswara temple, dated S. 1386, Tarana, Vaisakha su 15, Saturday, Lunar eclipse, (A.D. 1464, April 21). This inscription records the gift of villages Maccherla and Mada situated in Kottagattu sthala and Warangallu sima, by Dharmanayaka son of Pinnamanayaka, grandson of Peda- singamanayaka, and great grandson of Peda Annavota Nayaka of the Recherla family to the god Tiruvengaleswara of Maccherla, 12 ayyangars and 12 mahajanas. It is interesting to note that vrittis 10 to the god, 12 to the ayyangars and 12 to the mahajanas altogether 34 vrittis were granted to the donees together with the cultivators attached to them. The inscription contains a long list of the donees with their parentage and gotras.

1464 AD : Sultan Mohammad Shah Bahmani dispatched Sultan Quli Qutb-ul-Mulk to the Telangana region to quell disturbances. Sultan Quli quelled the disturbance and was rewarded as the administrator of the region.

1475 AD : Azam Khan son of Sikandar Khan

Warangal was placed under Prince Azam Khan, son of Sikandar Khan. This arrangement was not liked by Nizam - ul - Mulk who really wanted to govern the whole of Telangana and therefore resolved on the destruction of its author Mahmud Gawan.

Jul 30, 1463 - Mar 26, 1482 A.D : Muhammad Shah-lll

Mar 26, 1482 - Dec 27, 1518 AD : Mahmood Shah Bahmani II

1482 AD - 1503 AD : Adil Khan Deccani Governor

Yusuf Adil Shah (1450–1510), referred as Adil Khan or Hidalcão by the Portuguese, was the founder of the Adil Shahidynasty that ruled the Sultanate of Bijapur for nearly two centuries. As the founder of the newly formed Bijapur dynasty (as the Adil Shahi dynasty is also known), Yusuf Adil Shah is credited with developing the town of Bijapur and elevating it to significant status.

1503 AD - 1564 AD: Shitab Khan or Sitadu or Sitapati Raju ruled from Rachakonda, Warangal and Khammam forts.

The evidence relating to Shitab Khan may be divided into four distinct groups, the first relating to Shitab Khan of about A.D. 1460, the amir of the Bahmani ruler Humayun, and the second to the hero of the Warangal inscription dated A.D. 1504. The third group of evidence relates to the opponent of Krsna-deva-raya of Vijayanagara about A.D. 1516, during his Kalinga campaigns, and the last to the contemporary of Ibrahimi Qutb Shah for whom we have the date A.D. 1570.

21th January, A.D. 1504 : This inscription is on four sides of a red stone pillar lying in front of Sambhunigudi in the fort. Dated Saka 1425 (tattva-devavaraja-vibhu), Raktasamvamin (Rudhirodgarin), Magha su. 5, Sunday=1504 A.D., January 21. Records the capture of Warangal and the restoration of certain temples in it by Sitapa-Khana of the Bhogi family whose ancestry and exploits are  described at length.

1504 AD : In 1504 Qutb-ul-mulk defeated the combined forces of Sitab Khan also known as Sitaram the chief of Khammammel and Warangal and Raja Ramacandra of Orissa by marching on Warangal.

1512 AD : Sultan Quli Qutb-ul-Mulk  defeated Shitab Khan to capture Khammam fort. 

21st January, A.D. 1564 : Warangal,
This inscription is situated near the Southern Torana, Sambunigudi. The inscription records the exploits of Chittapakhana of the Bhogi-kula, son of Manaya and Gauramba and grandson of Naga. He conquered Rajadri and other forts. Having vanquished the Muhammadans, wrested from them the beautiful city of Ekasilapuri formerly ruled by the Kakatiya kings. For the worship of the gods and brahmanas he reinstalled the images of the god Panchalaraya (Krishna), of the goddess Kakati the Lakshmi of the Kakatiya kingdom, and of Siva, the primaeval and self-existent of lord removed by the Turushkas in their respective shrines. Chittapakhana had two wives, Devambika and Anumamba. By the former he had two sons, Avadutakhan and Puramtaka; and by the latter he had three sons, Amara, Bhogi and Rama. The inscription was composed by Madhava, son of Annarya of Apastamba-sutra and Bharadvaja-gotra and was set up on Adivara, Magha su.5 of the year Rudhirodgari, Saka 1425 (Sunday, 21st January, A.D. 1564).

1518 AD : Sultan Quli Qutb-ul-Mulk declared Independence

1509 AD – 1529 AD : Vijayanagara Empire (Tuluva dynasty) - Krishna Deva Raya Rule

1518 AD – 1687 AD : Qutbshahis / Golconda Sultanate


After krishnadevaraya this area came under the rule of golconda qutubshahis.abdul hasan tanisha was the last ruler whose employee was kancharla gopanna whose name was known as bhadrachala ramadas.Ministers akkana,madanna were from warangal.In 1636, Shah Jahan forced the Qutb Shahis to recognize Mughal suzerainty, which lasted until 1687 when the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb conquered the Golcondan sultanate.
1687 AD - 1724 AD : Mughal Empire 1713 : Mir Qamaruddin Siddiqi was appointed governor by the Mughals.1724 : Mir Qamaruddin Siddiqi was granted the control of Hyderabad by the Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah with the title Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah after defeating the rival from Maratha Empire.
1724 AD - 1948 AD : Asaf Jahis
1798 : Hyderabad became the first Indian royal state to accede to British protection under the policy of Subsidiary Alliance instituted by Arthur Wellesley.
1946 - 1951 : Telangana Rebellion
Aug 15, 1947 : Indian Independence from British. Osman Ali Khan ASAF Jahi VII chose to remain independent.
Sep 17, 1948 : Operation Polo, was a military operation ordered by then Indian Home Minister Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel on Sep 13 1948 in which the Indian Armed Forces invaded the State of Hyderabad and overthrew its Nizam on Sep 17 1948, integrating Hyderabad in to India.
Sep 17, 1948 - Oct 31, 1956 : Hyderabad State, India.

Sep 17 1948 - Dec 31 1949 : Major General J. N. Chaudhuri who led Operation Polo stayed on as Military Governor.
26 January 1950 - 31 October 1956 : Last Nizam, Osman Ali Khan ASAF Jahi VII as Rajpramukh. Rajpramukh was an administrative title in India which existed from India's independence in 1947 until 1956. Rajpramukhs were the appointed governors of certain of India's provinces and states.
26 Jan, 1950 - 6 March, 1952 : M. K. Vellodi was Chief Minister of the state appointed by Government of India.
6 March, 1952 - 31 October 1956 : In the 1952 Legislative Assembly election, Dr. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao was elected Chief minister of Hyderabad State.
1 November, 1956 - 1 June, 2014 : Andhra Pradesh State, India
Andhra State and Telangana region of Hyderabad State were merged to form Andhra Pradesh State, India.
2 June, 2014 : Telangana, India.

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Nizamabad District History

The District derived its name Nizamabad from the Nizam of Hyderabad Asaf jahi, VI who ruled Deccan during the 18th century A.D. Nizamabad was formerly known as Indur and Indrapuri supposed to have originated from the name of the king Indradatta who seems to have flourished it this region during the 5th century A.D.

Nizamabad was ruled by Rashtrakutas in the 8th century, was ruled by the king "Indra Vallabha Panthya Varsha Indra Som". The city was named after him.

In the year 1905 the railway line between Secundrabad and Manmad was constructed. The railway station was named after then ruler of the Nizam state "Nizam-ul-Mulk" as Nizamabad. The railway line connects Hyderabad and Mumbai. It is like North-South corridor. Has the distance of 161 km from Hyderabad and 640 km from Mumbai.

Nizamabad history is dated back to the very inception of human civilization. Paleolithic tools, cooking utensils and weapons excavated at Pochampad, a site in Nizamabad, indicates the existence of the town in the Stone Age. Its story of evolution is an interesting chapter in the volumes of the history of India.

700 BC - 300 BC : Assaka/Asmaka/Ashmaka (The 16 Mahajanapadas)
In the 6th century BC, Ashmaka, a Surya Vamsha king, established a kingdom and built the city Poudana. This city was later captured by King Karna with the help of the Nagula tribe. Consequently it is believed that the inhabitants of Poudana were descendants of the Nagula tribe and therefore were brave and fearless in nature.

300 BC - 185 BC : Mauryan Empire
Ashmaka soon moved into the hands of the Nanda kings. They were however severely defeated by Chandragupta Maurya who established his control over the territory with the help of his shrewd and intelligent Prime Minister Kautilya or Chanakya.

Mauryas were followed by the Satavahanas, Ikshwakas, Vishna Kundinas, and the Badami Chalukyas who established their sovereignty over Nizamabad. It is little wonder that their rule have sufficiently contributed in influencing its heritage and culture.

230 BC – 220 AD : Satavahanas ( Were vassals of Mauryan Empire)​

220 AD - 250 AD : Ikshvaku Tribe

250 AD - 500 AD : Vakataka Dynasty

500 AD - 543 AD : Vishnukundins

543 AD - 753 AD : Badami Chalukyas

c.641 D - 973 AD : Vemulawada Chalukyas

Vassals of Badami Chalukyas

c.641 - c.660 AD : Satyasraya Ranavikrama
Ruled from Bodhan (Nizamabad) as Capital was in service of  Pulakesi II (610 AD - 642 AD)

753 AD - 973 AD : Rashtrakuta Dynasty
In the 8th century, the Rashtrakuta king Indra Vallabha Panthya Varsha Indra Som ruled over Ashmaka. His long and effective reign led people to rename this city after its great ruler to commemorate his successfulreign. Hence Ashmaka came to be known as Indur or Indrapuri. The name remains etched in the minds and hearts of its people who wish to refer to their favorite city with its old name as an endearment. Indur soon assumed significant prominence as is evident from its reference in the religious scriptures of various Indian religions namely Jainism, Buddhism and Hinduism.

973 AD - 1158 AD : Western Chalukyas / Kalyani Chalukyas (973 AD - 1189 AD)
Founder : Tailapa II Capitals : Manyakheta, Kalyani (Basavakalyan in Bidar , Karnataka)

Bodhan, Nizamabad District.
Poet Pampa Samdhi

An epigraph on samadhi, locally said to be that of poet Pampa, along some other epigraphs brought from Bodhan, the headquarters of a taluka of the name in the Nizamabad district. The samadhis are not on ground but on the fort wall. Some time ago, a contractor, it is said, started to transport earth from the fort wall, when the pillars on the samadhis which were standing in the middle of the fort wall fell down almost to the ground level. The fort wall, though built of mud, appears like a small hillock. Now the samadhi pillars are lying near Sri Linganna's house adjacent to the fort wall. As the pillars have come down as there are many samadhis besides, it is not possible to find its exact location.

It is stated in the inscription that a Jain saint by name Subhanandi attained samadhi (at Bodhan, of course). The name of Pampa finds no place in it, though the local tradition attributes the samadhi to Pampa. As we know from the Adipurana (Stanza 35 of 16th chapter) that Pampa had another name `Subha'.

1008 AD - 1015 AD : Vikramaditya V

1012 AD - 1069 AD : Mahamandalesvara Pamparasar or Pampa Permanadi or Pallavarasa

Prime Minister : Somarasa or Soma Bhattaraka
1012 AD : Ummeda Kalabhairavaswamy temple in Nandipet mandal of Nizamabad district 

The inscription, written in Telugu-Kannada script and Kannada language, records the ritual performed on the Lunar Eclipse in the month of Falguna, 1012 AD when Pallavarasa washed the feet and worshipped Somanatha Guru and donated approximately ninety acres of land to him. This was the second inscription bearing his name. The first inscription was found with his name in Nandikandi village of Sangareddy district. He was conferred the title “Pampa Permanadi.”

Sept 29, 1017 AD : chronicles the endowment of both arable and irrigated land by Somarasa Ankakara to a Jain ascetic named Prasannacharya. This learned sage was well-versed in disciplines like Yama, Niyama, Swadhyaya, Dhyana, and Samadhi, and held mastery in Ashtanga Yoga, a practice observed within Jainism, Buddhism, and Hinduism

1056 AD : Bodhan, Nizamabad : Of the five inscriptions copied here, four discovered in the ruined fort-wall, reveals that a place referred to as Bhaudhanya-nagara was a Jaina centre in the eleventh-twelfth centuries. Three inscriptions refer to the death, by samadhi or sannyasa, of the Jaina preceptors Subhanand, Gandavimukta-bhattaraka and Chandraprabhacharya. The fifth, in Kannada, dated Saka 978, refers to the renovation of the Indra-Narayana Temple, formerly built by Indira Vallabha of the Rashtrakuta family, consecration of the image of Vishnu therein, erection of a Garuda-pillar and gift of two villages, oil-mills, a flower-garden and the income from the toll on salt, for worship, by perggade Jogapayya.

1015 AD - 1042 AD : Jayasimha II also known as Jagadhekamalla I and Mallikamoda

1042 - 1068 AD : Someswara I

1041 AD : Gandavimukta Bhattaraka

1041 AD : Bodhan
This inscription is on pillar no-2 on the top of the fort to the north of the old village, dated Saka 963 (pavakarasa-nidhi), Vrisha, Magha su. 10. States that Gandavimukta- bhattaraka, disciple of Naganandi-bhattaraka who was himself a disciple of Nandi Siddhanta Deva attained samadhi by sanyasana at Bahudhanya-nagara.

1058 AD : Soma Bhattaraka

27th February A.D. 1058 : Chillagiri, Banswada Mandal

This inscription is on a pillar in the agricultural land. States that a certain (viz) Bana Soma Bhattaraka, made a gift of 13 marttaras of land for the daily offerings and perpetual burning of the lamp to the god Mulasthanadeva.

30th May A.D. 1056 : Bodhan
This record is incomplete. Mention the renovation of the temple of Vishnudeva and erection of a Garuda pillar and the building of the temple of Narayanadeva in the capital city of Podan, modern Bodhan by a certain Indravallabha of Rashtrakuta lineage. It also mentions a certain Perggade Jogapayya.

1059 AD : Kunepalle, Renjal Mandal.
This inscription is on a pillar near a water tank. Registers the gift of agricultural land to the god Nakares[s]vara deva for the daily rites of dhupa, dipa, naivedya and nitya annadana on the occasion of Solar eclipse. It also mentions the construction of a well, which was handed over to Divakara bhatta to look after.

1068 - 1076 AD : Someswara II

Death of Jain Chandraprabha Acharya
8th September, A.D. 1072 : Bodhan
This inscription is on a pillar in Pangalli street. It is an epitaph set up on the occasion of the death of a Jaina ascetic named Chandra Prabhadeva. It contains a lengthy description about the greatness of the deceased. He possessed worthy qualities such as ksama, satya, niyama, sauca, tapa, tyaga and samyama, besides his unparalleled proficiency in all the branches of knowledge and virtues. This great Jaina Acarya went into samadhi and attained the abode of Indra on the said Bhadrapada Krisnastami.

8th September, A.D. 1072 : Bodhan
This inscription is on a pillar on the top of the fort to the north of the old village. Records the death (through samadhi) at Bodhana of the teacher Chandraprabh-acharya who has been eulogised.

1076 AD - 1126 AD : Vikramaditya VI

1096 AD - 1099 AD : mahamandaleshwar Chandarasa

1088 AD - 1152 : Mallarasa or maha mandalesvara Malla rasa  or Mallikarjunadeva    

chief : perggada Nagavarma

1088 AD : s.1010

1096 AD : Chandrarasa Haihaya chief 

Kallur, Raichur    

The Haihayas governed from their capital at Mallat . Their allegiance was first to the Chalukyas , and later to the Yadavas. The Haihaya chiefs are styled in their inscriptions as the Lords of the city of Mahismati

1098 AD : Gundenamali, Bichkunda Mandal.
This inscription is on a pillar near Hanuman temple. The inscription states that while the king Tribhuvanamalladeva was ruling, his feudatory Caundarasaru made a gift of some agricultural land and flower garden for the daily offerings of the Lord Samgamesvara.

It also mentions a gift of land made to the benefit of Sri Bimbavagama Yemagavun da, Ranagavunda and Samgamesvaradeva.

6th December, 1098 AD : Vijadnagar, Banswada
It records the gift of land for the maintenance of the daily routine of the temple Sayirabada. The gift was placed in the custody of Rudrasakti, the priest of Nakhareswara temple of Podana. The administrative division Sayirabada might be the same as Sabbisayira known already through several Kalyana Chalukya and Kakatiya inscriptions.

20th December 1098 AD : Wajidnagar, Bichkunda Mandal
This inscription is on a pillar near the tankbund. The inscription records the gift of 10 marttars of land for the worship and daily rites as well as repairs of the temple of Somanatha by mahamandalesvara Kalicorarasar, lord of Amaravati Pura, after washing the feet of Rudrasakti Pandita, on the occasion of Uttarayana Sankranti. It also mentions the names of officers viz., Prabhu dandanayaka Simgarasa, Heggade Nagadeva nayaka of the lord (Prabhu) Mallarasa.

19th September, A.D. 1099 : Gundenambe, Madnur/Zookal
the gift of land by several Gavundas namely Kesa Gavunda, Macha Govunda daily offerings of the god Sangameswaradeva. It also mentions a gift by mahamandaleshwar Chandarasa, who made the gift through the above mentioned Gavundas, at the time of consecration of the God. The gift was kept in the hands of Sri Naranappa Pandita, the disciple of Sri Rudra Sakti Pandita, the Pontiff of the city of Bodhan.

30th March, A.D. 1105 : Bhimgal, Nizamabad District.Telugu and Kannada.
Begins with the asusual prasasti of the Western Chalukyas, followed by the mention of a certain maha mandalesvara Malla rasa, whose subordinate was perggada Nagavarma, who at the time of consecrating the Gods Rudresvara and Kesava, endowed the lands measuring 2 mas, towards the naivedya (daily offering) in the tank of Kavana, and some garden land towards the daily puja and other services such as dance, music and other instruments.

24th October A.D. 1120 : Sangam, Bodhan
This inscription is on a broken stone in the village. The inscription gives lengthy prasasti on a certain Mallikarjunadeva, a subordinate of the king Tribhuvanamalladeva and introduces his minister Brahma Sarman son of Sridhara and his brother Devana made some gift to the God Samgamesvara.

1120 AD : This inscription is on a broken stone lying in Sangameshwara temple. Fragmentary inscription. It mentions some donations to the priest of matha by a certain Sresti named Mallideva.

10th March, 1134 AD : Bheemgal.
This inscription is on a pillar near ruined Sivalayam. Records the gift of 8 marttars of Kariya (Black soil) and tota (garden land) towards the daily rites of the god Kesavadeva by Preggade Nagavarma who was in the service of mahamandalesvara Mallarasar.

1140 AD : Bodhan
This inscription is on a slab near a water tank. Mentions a certain Aliya Mallarasaru, Son-in-law of Eravarasa. It refers to some gift made by Mallarasaru to the god Siddhesvara of D[h]ronapalli. The gift particulars are not worn out.

4th June, 1152 AD : Jukkal
Nurmmadi Trailokyamalla (Tailapa-III) 

It is on a pillar in front of Hanuman temple. This inscription registers the gift of 20 and 12 marttars of land for the daily offerings and perpetual burning of the lamp to the gods Bijjesvaradeva and Nandi Betesvaradeva by mahamandalesvara Pereya Mallarasaru, during the reign of Trailokyamalladeva identifiable with Tailapa III.

1126 - 1138 AD : Bhulokamalla Someswara III

1137 AD : Soma Permanadi
Desaipet, Banswada, Nizamabad District.
It records the grant of land by a certain Soma Permanadi bearing the titles, Savalakkamalla, Sanivara Siddhi, Pampana Gandha Varana and Lord of Banavasavadi-70 etc. for the daily rituals of the God. The importance of this record lies in the fact that, for the first time it mentions the place Bansavada, identifiable with modern Banswada in Nizamabad District.

15th November A.D. 1137 : Someswaram, Banswada,

It record the gifts of land in the territory of Banswada-26 by a feudatory named Soma permanadi, who bare the titles 'Savalakkamalla' and ‘Sanivara Siddhi' towards the anga and ranga bhogas and Tribhogabhya siddhi. An interesting aspect of this record is the mention of the name of the village 'Somesvaram' which is probably named after the donor Soma permanadi or his master Somesvara III.

1138 - 1158 AD : Jagadekamalla II
mahamandalesvara Gandaya 
Varni, Nizamabad : This inscription registers the gift of 9 marttars of land to the God Talaketa deva and 12 marttars of land to the Lord Nilakamtha deva by Heggade Malliyana while mahamandalesvara Gandaya was administering the area. The gift was handed over to Ananda and Nagaraja Pandita.

    

1158 - 1323 AD : Kakatiya Dynasty Independent rule

1158 AD - 1195 AD : Rudradeva Son of Prola II
1195 AD - 1199 AD : Mahadeva Brother.

1199 AD - 1261 AD: Ganpatideva

1261 AD - 1289 AD : Rudramadevi

1289 AD - 1323 AD : Prataparudra

1310 : Malik Kafur general of Delhi Sultanate Alauddin Khilji defeated Prataprudra II and was forced to pay annual tribute to Delhi. It was probably at this time that the Koh-i-Noor diamond passed from Kakatiya ownership to that of Alauddin, along with 20,000 horses and 100 elephants

1323 : Ulug Khan son of Ghiyasuddin captured Warangal from Parataparudra II.

1323 AD - 1336 AD :  Tughlaq Dynasty (1320 AD - 1413 AD)

1323 AD - 1325 AD : Ulug Khan or Muhammad bin Tughluq (1325 AD -1351 AD)

In 1323 Indur faced its first Muslim onslaught. The brave Nagula blood flowing in their veins led them to fight fiercely with the Muslim sultans in a bid to protect their independence. However, the huge Muslim army ultimately forced them to surrender in defeat in 1323 when Ul-ug Khan captured Bodhan Fort and Kotagiri. In 1324, Indur formally came to be included in the sovereignty of the sultans.

Ghiyasuddin Tughluq's son and general Ulugh Khan (Muhammad bin Tughluq) captured Warangal in 1323, Ulugh Khan himself took over the Governorship of what is now a new province of "Teling" (Telangana) in the Sultanate. Gannaya was captured and converted to Islam, given the name Malik Maqbul and found a place in the new regime. When Ulugh Khan left for Delhi soon afterwards, he left Warangal in the charge of Malik Maqbul. Ulugh Khan succeeded Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq as the new Sultan of Delhi under the name Muhammad bin Tughluq

Bodhan. 
This inscription is on a slab in the courtyard of Deval Masjid. The Deval Masjid, as its name signifies, was originally a Hindu temple, and converted in to a mosque by Muhammad Tughlaq at the time of his deccan conquest. The plan of the building is star-shaped ; it has undergone little alteration at the hands of the moslems expecting the removal of the semi-circular chamber and the setting up a pulpit.

1325 AD - 1336 AD : Malik Maqbul or Gona Gannaya III, was a commander of the Kakatiya Empire under Prataparudra (r. 1289–1323). Marana's Markandeya Puranamu (in Telugu) names him as "Gannavibhudu" and describes him as the commander (Kataka paludu) of Warangal Fort, the capital of Kakatiyas. The term Mala Devudu (meaning "Lord") implies that he was very high up in the hierarchy.

1336 AD :  Kapaya Nayaka took control of Warangal from Malik Maqbul

1336 AD - 1368 AD : Musunuri Kapaya Nayak

1328 AD : A movement was started at Rekapalli on the bank of the Godavari under the leadership of Musunuri Prolaya Nayaka and his cousin Kapaya Nayaka

Kapaya Nayaka became the ruler in A.D.1333, after the demise of Prolaya Nayaka, and captured Warangal in 1336 AD.

Aug 3, 1347  - Feb 11, 1358 A.D : Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah 

1347 AD : In 1347 AD Bahmani Dynasty was formed by Bahman Shah who wrested deccan from delhi 

1350: Bahman Shah led his first campaign against Warangal Kingdom in 1350 and forced its ruler Kapaya Nayaka to cede to him the fortress of Kaulas in Kamareddy. Bahman Shah divided his kingdom into 4 provinces, the capitals of which are Gulbarga, Daulatabad, Ellichpur and Bidar. Bidar has Kandhar, Indur and Kaulas

1350 AD - 1518 AD : Bahmani Sultanate
In 1350 when the Bahamani kings established their hold over Indur, the city underwent another turning point in its history. For a considerable period after that till 1500 AD, the existence of Indur was seeped in confusion. It came to be ruled by the Bahamani kings as well as by the Vijayanagar kings both of whom began to force their control over Indur by turns. The fall of the Bahamani kings at the hands of the Qutub Shahi kings lent a new influence on Indur.

1509 AD – 1529 AD : Vijayanagara Empire (Tuluva dynasty) - Krishna Deva Raya Rule

1518 AD – 1687 AD : Qutbshahis / Golconda Sultanate
It came to be adorned with Qutub Shahi architecture namely forts
built at Bodhan, Kotagiri Kowlas Nala and so on.

1687 AD - 1724 AD : Mughal Empire
The Asaf Jahi occupation followed soon after.




1724 AD - 1948 AD : Asaf Jahis
With the ascent of Aurangzeb to the throne of Delhi, the Golkonda kingdoms including Indur came into the hands of the Mughals.


Indur's role in the 1857 mutiny led it to be included in the Indian union. Since it continued to remain under the aegis of the Nizams, Indur was then renamed as Nizamabad. The district of Nizamabad
finally came to be formed in 1956 AD. This marked the entry of Indur into the modern era.


Sep 17, 1948 - Oct 31, 1956 : Hyderabad State, India.


1 November, 1956 - 1 June, 2014 : Andhra Pradesh State, India

2 June, 2014 : Telangana State, India.

1905 : The modernization of Indur can be traced back to 1905 and can be marked by the laying down of railway tracks between Secunderabad and Manmad. This was the first time a mode of transport was being set up to establish faster communication between Nizamabad and the rest of the world.

1923 : In 1923 Nizamabad district witnessed the construction of the Nizam Sagar Dam. Built across the River Manjira in Achampet, it irrigates around 250,000 acres of land in the district. It is also considered to be one of the biggest irrigation projects that meet the water consumption requirements for the twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad.

Nizamabad History has found a significant position in the annals of history. Its birth, growth and advancement towards modern civilization have ensured that it justifies its right to earn and retain that position.




http://lasinker.blogspot.com/2014/03/nizamabad-history.html

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Medak District History

Medak District is located in the state of Telangana. Medak was originally known as Methukudurgam which subsequently changed into Methuku due to the growth of fine and coarse rice in this area. It was also called Siddapuram then the town name was later changed as Gulshanabad and then Medak but with passage of time, the prefix Siddapur lost its glory and with popular usage the district came to be known as Medak.

It was also part of Kasavula-seventy region. In the history it was said as part of Andhol Rajyam

In 1956 during the re-organization of States, the Hyderabad State was trifurcated the nine pre-dominantly Telugu speaking districts of Mahbubnagar, Hyderabad, Medak, Nizamabad, Adilabad, Karimnagar, Warangal, Khammam and Nalgonda known as Telangana region were transferred to Andhra Pradesh. Major portions of predominantly Kannada speaking districts of Raichur, Gulbarga and Bidar were transferred to Karnataka State While Maratwada comprising the five districts of Aurangabad, Osmanabad, Bhir, Parbhani, Nanded and a portion of Bidar which is predominantly Marathi speaking was transferred to Maharashtra State. These changes were effected on 1st November 1956.

Medak District is bifurcated from Erstwhile Medak District, Headquarters at Sangareddy. According to G.O.M.S 239; Dt: 11-10-2016 by Government of Telangana. It is surrounded by Kamareddy, Siddipet and Sangareddy districts.

Traces of Neolithic and Megalithic culture was found at Edithanur and Wargal village hillocks in the district. Rock paintings were found at Edithanur boulders and Hastallapur rocks.

700 BC - 300 BC : Assaka/Asmaka/Ashmaka (The 16 Mahajanapadas)

300 BC - 185 BC : Mauryan Empire
Researchers have discovered a terracotta object containing Brahmi inscriptions written in the Prakrit language and in characters of the 3rd century BC on the bank of the Manjira river at Kulcharam in Medak district. The inscription reads “Devana” prefixed with a symbol of ‘Nandipada’.

The word indicates a part of the title of the great emperor Ashoka of the Maurya dynasty. History and Archaeology researcher MA Srinivasan and his team comprising of B Shankar Reddy, B Nagaraju and N Arun Kumar discovered this terracotta antiquity on the banks of the Manjira river.

Three Buddhist label inscriptions were also found in rock shelters just a kilometre away from the site where the antiquity was found. These inscriptions are in Prakrit language and Brahmi script of 1st BC - 1st century AD. They read as ‘Henamo Buddeya’, ‘Dhama’, ‘He jama’ and are found on the rock boulders.

230 BC – 220 AD : Satavahanas ( Were vassals of Mauryan Empire)​
The excavations at Kondapur, located 15 km from Sangareddy and 60 km from Medak, have brought to light the remains of Satavahana dynasty and a few Buddhist structures.

The Kondapur Museum is maintained by the Archeological Survey of India. The Kondapur Museum contains about 8,100 antiquities at present. It houses the coins of the Satavahana kings which led some scholars to come to the conclusion that Kondapur was one of the thirty walled towns of the Satavahanas. There are the remains of Chaityas and Stupas indicating that Kondapur was once a great Buddhist center. Other things which were excavated and are on display include gold coin of the Roman Emperor Augustus (37 BC -14 AD), a few silver coins, bead pieces of terra cotta bangles, shell, ivory, copper and glass embossed with designs.

After the Satavahanas, the district passed under the sway of the Mahisha dynasty. Though as many as eighteen rulers ruled this district for a period of 383 years, only two rulers Mana and Yasa proved to be powerful. Mana broke the domination of the Satavahanas, assumed the title of ‘Rajan’ and reigned the kingdom to its splendor. He enjoyed the privilege of striking his own coins. One of his lead coins exhibited the characteristics of the coins belonging to the close of 2nd or beginning of the 3rd century. The rule of this dynasty came to an end with the rise of Chalukyas of Badami

250 AD - 500 AD : Vakataka Dynasty

500 AD - 543 AD : Kadamba Dynasty (West of Mahboobnagar, Ranga Reddy, Medak)

543 AD - 753 AD : Badami Chalukyas

753 AD - 982 AD : Rashtrakuta Dynasty

A team of Kotha Telangana Charitra Brundam led by Kolipaka Srinivas found rare sculptures belonging to Rashtrakuta style at Kamaram village in Chinnashankarampet mandal of Medak district on Tuesday. Three sculptures Saptamatrukas, Mahishasura Mardini, and Keshavamoorty were found on the village outskirts.

814 AD - 878 AD : Amoghavarsha I
Govinda III was succeeded by his son named Sarva, who is better known as Amoghavarsha. He took up the titles of Nripatunga, Maharajashanda, Vira-Narayana and Afisaya-dhavala.

From the Kyasanur inscription, bearing no date, it appears that Sankaraganda, a feudatory of Amogha- varsha, was the governor of Banavasi.

846 AD - 888 AD : Sankarganda I
25th September, 846 AD: Mallikarjuna Palli, Sadasivpet Taluk, Medak.
This inscription is on a slab in front of Mallikarjuna temple of the village. This inscription was badly worn out and damaged. It registers the gift of 12 marttars of land and one marttar of wetland as per rajamana, to the temple of Isvara of Piriya Pippari, by Kommana, lord of Panuravadi - 27000 while Sankaraganda was administering the area, after washing the feet of the priest Bankeya and another marttar of wetland in the same gramam as Siddhaya. It also registers the gift of land to the Jinalaya of Munipalle by Permmanadi Devaraya of Pippari. Vasudeva bhatara of Munipalle was the engraver.

888 AD : An inscription belonging to 888 AD was found on a rock at Mettugutta hillock at Kazipet. An archaeology and history enthusiast Sunil Samudrala found the inscription in Telugu script under the feet of an idol of the 15th Jain Tirthankara Dharmanatha, also known as Jino Brahama.

750 AD to 982 AD: Kakatiyas ruled as vassals to Rashrakuta.

967 AD : Bibbayya or Bibbarasa
15th April, A.D. 967 : Vendikole, Andole Taluk, Medak.
This inscription is on a slab laying before the Siva temple. The inscription records the gift of 12 marttars of land along with Siddhaya by the five gavundas named Padavala Bibbayya, Aychana, Revana, Banka Revana and Prabhu Bibbayya, to the god Adithya Deva of Endikol, with the permission of Bijjarasa of Kasugula. The gift was kept in the custody of Bhattaraka of Pundi.

973 AD - 1158 AD : Western Chalukyas (Kalyani Chalukyas)
973 - 997 AD : Tailapa II
973 AD : Soma Permanadi I
Tailapa-II was one of the feudatories of the Rastrakutas and declared independence from Rashtrakutas after killing Karka and occupied his capital Manyakheta.

10th April, A.D. 973 : Koraprolu, Medak District.
This inscription is dated S. 895, Srimukha Vaisakha su. 5, Thursday. (A.D. 973, April 10). The king's feudatory, Mahamandalesvara Soma Permanadi was governing Koraprola in Kasavula-seventy from the capital Koraprola. The inscription records land grants to the god Bibbesvara constructed by his father Bibbarasa. This is the earliest record of the Chalukyas of Kalyana in Telangana as it is dated in the regnal year of Tailapa II, the founder of the Chalukya dynasty.

10th April, A.D. 973
: Kannada.This inscription is on a slab lying before Mahadeva Temple. The inscription records the gift of lands in the grama of Korapol, towards the daily rites of the god Bibbesvara, at the time of Consecration by Lakshmi Barasi, daughter of Bibbarasa. The said donor was the wife of Soma Permanadi, ruler of Kasavula-70. It also registered another gift of land by Pampa Permanadi, officer in the service of Trailokyamalladeva.Soma Permanadi, ruler of Kasavula-70, bears a string of birudas, one of which describes him as Ahavamallanankaakara.

988 AD : Kalayyarasar
21st February, 988 AD : Palpanuru, Narasapur Taluk, Medak.
This inscription is on a pillar in a field belonging to Narayana near the tank. The inscription is damaged. It seems to record a gift to a brahmana named Govana of Parapaluru by Kalayyarasar, ascetic.

993 AD : Death of Nagavarma Pandita
21st February, A.D. 993 : Devulapalli, Narasapur Taluk, Medak.
Kannada : This inscription is on a pillar outside the village in the bushes. It records the death of Nagavarma Pandita, a follower of Jaina faith and extols his greatness.

997 - 1008 AD : Satyasraya
1008 - 1015 AD : Vikramaditya V
1006 AD - 1017 AD : Gangayyarasa
1006 AD : Koduru, Medak District. : Chalukyas of Kalyana.
This inscription is on a pillar laying on the tankbund of the village. Registers the gift of the village Korur along with the open field and waste lands to Brahmalingibhatta belonging to Gangesvara of Pottlakere by Mahasamata Gangayyarasa when the king was camping at a place called Ravulakone. The grant was made in front of god Ramesvara of Polaparela. The inscription is installed by Bittyya of Gangarasa's family.

1009 AD : Elmal, Medak.
Engraved on a slab lying on the bund of the village tank and written in Kannada language and characters, the record is dated Saka 931 (AD 1009) and states that when the Chalukya king Irivabedemgadeva was staying in his transit camp Ravulakonde, mahasamanta Gangayyarasa made the grant of the village Kolur to the deity Ramesvara of Chelvarala-virriza on the day of Tula-samkranti. The gift is stated to have been entrusted to Gangesvarada- Brahmalimgibhatarar of Pottalakere, after leaving his feet.

14th May, 1016 AD : Singoor, Andole
This inscription is on a slab near the project house. The inscription registers the gift of Siddhaya from the lands measuring Kariyakeyya 13 mattar, Karamba 5, and one mattar of gadde land by Samkeyyanayaka to the god Devayya.

1017 AD : Vendicole, Medak.
Of the two Kannada inscriptions, on two different stones set up in the field outside the village, belonging to the Chalukya chief Irivabedemgadeva and dated 939, Parabhava corresponding to AD 1017, the first one records the grant of lands at Vendikola by Bijjeyyarasa to Soma-Jinalaya. The second inscription, registers the grant of lands at Vendlikola by Gangayyarasa to the deity Ramesavaradeva of Polparela-tintha. The gift was entrusted to the Jain pontiff Vimalachandrapanditabhattaraka of Soma-Jinalaya, for the merit of Somayyarasa.

1015 - 1042 AD : Jayasimha II1040 AD : Mahasamanta Bikkarasa
15th February, 1040 AD. : Akkaram, Gazvel
This inscription is on a pillar set up in the Mosque. The inscription records the gift of gadde land measuring 1000 marttars in the village Baliya Kurumariya-36 to Jnanesvara Pandita, after washing his feet at the instance of certain Ballavarasa, towards repairs and daily rites of the temple by Ayvabadevi, wife of mahasamanta Bikkarasa of Kollipaka.

1048 AD : Juvvi Reddi
21st April, 1048 AD : Rayaprolu, Gajwel TalukThis village is in Gajwel taluk, Medak district and is situated at a distance of about eight miles from its taluk headquarters. There is a big image of Ganesa outside the village and this inscription is engraved on a stone pillar erected near the Ganesa image.

The language of the inscription is Kannada and it is dated Saka 970 Sarvadhari Vaisakha Sukla 5, Thursday corresponding to A.D. 1048, April 21.

It records the construction of a mandapa to the Vinayaka by Juvvi Reddi son of a certain gavunda of the village Ravipolala. He also constructed another mandapa to a hero named Viravisipa Vallabha in the same village. There is no mention of any king who ruled over the region at that period.

21st April, 1048 AD : Rayapole, Gazvel
This inscription is on the Dhwaja Stambha slab in front of Ganesa temple. This inscription records the consecration of the god Vinayaka and construction of Hanumanta as well as satra choultry by Juvvi raddi, son of Huvinagavunda of Ravipola agrahara.

1014 AD - 1069 AD: Pampa Permadi or PermandadiNandikandi, Siddipet Taluk
23rd December 1014 AD : Kannada.
This inscription is on a slab in front of Ramalingeswara temple. The inscription registers the gift of vrittis from his bhattasvamya teja vritti land, by pampa Permmandi, towards the daily rites of the god Namesvara of Koduru, after washing the feet of Vakhyanadevara of Kiriyakandi, for the merit of prabhus Buyyanayya, Marajayya and Madikabbe.

This inscription is on a stone set up in front of the Dhvajastambha of the temple, dated S. 936; Nala, Uttarayana Samkranti, Thursday. [A.D. not verifiable, Ananda corresponds to S. 936 and Uttarayana Samkranti falls on Friday A.D. 1014 Dec. 24]. Records the gift of the village Kovuru to the god Namesvara after washing the feet of Vakhana (Vrishana ?) deva of Kiriya Kandi by Mahamandalesvara Pampa Permadi. A grant for feeding fifty Ascetics and students was also made by other chiefs.

Kohir, Medak District.
Chalukya of Kalyana.
Vikramaditya V and Bhuvanaikamalla (Somesvara II). : A.D. 1014 and A.D. 1050-51.
Kannada.
This inscription is on four sides of a slab built into the Virasangayya-katta. The same king also dated saka 991 refers to Pampa-permanadi as a subordinate of the king. The Nandikandi and Kolkur records (A.R. Ep., 1960-61, B 94 and B 91) dated Saka 936 (1014 A.D.) and Saka 972 (1050-51 A.D.), respectively refer to a Pampa-permanadi as a feudatory of Vikramaditya V and Somesvara I. If Pampa-permanad of our record is identical with his namesake mentioned in the other two epigraphs then we may have to suppose that he held the office for a long period of 55 years. Veltur also refers to mahapradhana Pampa-permanadi and gives the name of his wife as Jakkaladevi. The details pertaining to the king and date are lost, the record being unfortunately fragmentary.

17th February A.D. 1048 AD : Gorrekal, Andole
This inscription is on a pillar lying in the village. The inscription registers the gift of land measuring 20 marttars of gadde. variety, within his fief [tammasvamya] in Goragavola, after making it free from all obstacles, by Nagadevayya, lord of Budapura agrahara to Kanaka- Prithvi deva disciple of Kirtti Siddhanta bhattaraka, after washing his feet, towards the maintenance of a basadi. The said land lay within the fief of the agrahara. The said agrahara was included in Kasavaula-70 and the ruler of the fief was Pampa Permanadi.

1064 AD : Soma Permanadi II

20th December, A.D. 1064. : Antwar, Narayankhed, Medak
Telugu and Kannada.
This inscription begins with the usual prasasti of the Western Chalukyas and also that while Somesvara I Trailokyamalla was ruling, mentions his fedatory, maha mandalesvara Somapermanadi, who probably made a grant. Details of the grant are not clear.

1065 AD : Asagamarasa

1065 AD : Mulugu, Medak.
the Saka year 987, the record refers to Asgamarasa with the title mahamandelaswara.

1069 AD : Padavala Chavundamayya

1069 AD : Kohir, Zaheerabad TalukThis inscription is in forsides of a slab built into the Virasangayya-katta. Lower portion of the slab is broken and lost. Seems to register a gift to a basadi constructed by padavala Chavundamayya a disciple of Subhachandra-siddhantadeva. Refers to Pampapermanadi who was a subordinate of the king.

1121 AD : General Gandadandadhisvara ruling from Lattalur-pura, once the capital of Rashtrakutas

Minpur, Andole Taluk, Medak.
This inscription is on a slab behind the old dilapidated School of the Village. Damaged. The inscription records the gift of one Pannasa of land to Brahmasakti Bhattaraka, a resident of Dhammadriparvata by the king, for performing Upavasa rites.

In 1158 CE, the Silaharas from the North and Hoysalas from the South attacked and finally extinguished
the Chalukyas.

The Silaharas of Vijayapura or BijapurThey call themselves kopanapuravaradhisvara or Tagaranagaradhisvara residing in the district of Tardavadi Thousand and most of them enjoyed the status of Mahamandalesvara under the Chalukyas of Kalyana, the Kalachuryas and the Yadavas

1098 AD - 1136 : Mallarasa
6th December, 1098 AD : Vijadnagar, Banswada
It records the gift of land for the maintenance of the daily routine of the temple Sayirabada. The gift was placed in the custody of Rudrasakti, the priest of Nakhareswara temple of Podana. The administrative division Sayirabada might be the same as Sabbisayira known already through several Kalyana Chalukya and Kakatiya inscriptions.

20th December 1098 AD : Wajidnagar, Bichkunda Mandal
This inscription is on a pillar near the tankbund. The inscription records the gift of 10 marttars of land for the worship and daily rites as well as repairs of the temple of Somanatha by mahamandalesvara Kalicorarasar, lord of Amaravati Pura, after washing the feet of Rudrasakti Pandita, on the occasion of Uttarayana Sankranti. It also mentions the names of officers viz., Prabhu dandanayaka Simgarasa, Heggade Nagadeva nayaka of the lord (Prabhu) Mallarasa.

10th March, 1134 AD : Bheemgal.
This inscription is on a pillar near ruined Sivalayam. Records the gift of 8 marttars of Kariya (Black soil) and tota (garden land) towards the daily rites of the god Kesavadeva by Preggade Nagavarma who was in the service of mahamandalesvara Mallarasar.

1140 AD : Bodhan
This inscription is on a slab near a water tank. Mentions a certain Aliya Mallarasaru, Son-in-law of Eravarasa. It refers to some gift made by Mallarasaru to the god Siddhesvara of D[h]ronapalli. The gift particulars are not worn out.

1136 AD - 1140 AD : Soma Permadi
15th November, 1137 AD : Desaipet, Banswada Mandal
This inscription is on a stone slab in the courtyard of the Somesvara temple. The inscription registers some gift to the Jaina ascetic Balacamdradeva, after washing his feet by Dhumappa, towards maintenance of the Jaina basadi, while mahamandalesvara Soma Permadi was ruling.

30th July A.D. 1139 : Velupugonda, Andole Taluk, Medak.
This inscription is on a pillar lying in a field outside the village. The inscription records the gift of lands towards the daily rites of the god Mailaradevara of Velupugonda situated in the unit Kusuva-73 falling within Savalakke by Savi Permmanadi in the 2nd regnal year of Jagadekamalla.

1145 AD : Pampa Permadi
1145 AD : Neradigunta, Andole Taluk, Medak
This inscription is on a pillar in the burial ground. The inscription registers the gift of land towards the daily rites of the god Somanathadevara and for feeding the mendicants, by the prabhus of Neradugumte, by Pamparasa, son of Kasula Soma Permmaḍiyarasa and Gundamanika Ahavamallaraja. The gift was handed over to the sthanapati of the temple and Nakhara. Also registers the gift of land measuring one marttar by Pochisetti. Cash donations as well as land were also made by Potisetti to the god Somanatha Deva.

1145 AD : Neredigunta, Andol Mandal, Medak.
This inscription, engraved on four sides of a pillar lying in the field of one Sangamnesvara Reddy in the village, is written in Kannada language and characters. Dated in the eighth regnal year of Jagadekamalla II (A.D. 1145), it records the gift of one matter of land located at the beginning of the western canal of Pampasamudra for providing food offerings and to meet other expenses of the festivities in the months of Kartika and Vaisakha. A portion of money out of the income accrued from the sales made outside by the nakharas, a garden and V2 matter of land were gifted to the temple of Somanatha Deva by aseshaprabhus of Neredugunte. The gift was made at the instructions of mahamandalesvara Permadi and mahamandalesvara Gundamanika Ahavamallarasa.

1152 AD : Soma Permanadi III
4th August A.D. 1152 : Dakur, Andole Taluk, MedakThis inscription is on a stone slab in front of Veerabhadra swamy temple. The inscription registers the gift of gadde land in the catchment area of the tank Appakabbe Kereya with yielding capacity in Kartika and Vaisakha months measuring 2 marttars, 20 marttars, 12 marttars of Karamba land in the village Rodanahalu, one mattar of flower garden and 15 house plots in the village, towards the daily rites of the god Mayilalesvara by the Prabhus of Dakuru and to the god Bijjesvara by Somapermmanadi.

1152 AD : Pereya Mallarasa
4th June, 1152 AD : Jukkal
Nurmmadi Trailokyamalla (Tailapa-III)
It is on a pillar in front of Hanuman temple. This inscription registers the gift of 20 and 12 marttars of land for the daily offerings and perpetual burning of the lamp to the gods Bijjesvaradeva and Nandi Betesvaradeva by mahamandalesvara Pereya Mallarasaru, during the reign of Trailokyamalladeva identifiable with Tailapa III.

1158 AD - 1323 AD : Kakatiya Dynasty

Chalukya Pochigadevaraja
Singoor, Andole Taluk, Medak.
This inscription is on a slab near the project house. The inscription records the gift of 10 marttars of regadu land as Vrtti (tenure) to the god Svamideva by a certain Chalukya Pochigadevaraja.

1323 AD - 1336 AD : Tughlaq Dynasty

1325 AD – 1368 AD : Musunuri Nayaks1325 AD - 1333 AD : Prolaya Nayaka
Kolani Rudradeva and Annaya Mantri were patriotic people who were capable of uniting the Nayak chieftains. They chose a valiant Nayak as their leader, Musunuri Prolayanayak or 'Prolaaneedu; and he was known for being a bold warrior.

1333 AD - 1368 AD : Kapaya Nayaka
Kapaya Nayaka led a larger rebellion against the Tughluq rule, driving it out of Warangal in 1336. According to the Kaluvacheru grant of Anithalli, a female member of the Panta Reddi clan in 1423, Kapaya Nayaka was assisted by 75 Nayakas. The grant also states that Prolaya Vema Reddi was one among these 75 Nayakas.

Kapaya Nayaka took control of Warangal from Malik Maqbul or Mala Yugandharudu in 1336 and thus also of a wider swathe of eastern Telangana that was governed from there. He also tried to support other rebels in the surrounding areas, although in the case of aid given to Alauddin Bahman Shah, the outcome was that his fellow rebel turned on him. Several military engagements with Bahman Shah followed over a period of years, during which Kapaya Nayaka had to cede various forts and territories, including Golconda (near modern Hyderabad).

1350 AD - 1518 AD : Bahmani Sultanate / Kingdom (1347 AD - 1527 AD)
Founder : Zafar Khan or Hasan Gangu or Allauddin Hassan or Ala-ud-Din Bahman ShahCapitals : Kalaburgi /Aḥsanabad now Gulbarga (1347–1425), Muhammadabad now Bidar (1425–1527)
Religion: Sunni Islam
Languages : Persian, Marathi, Deccani Urdu, Telugu, Kannada

1350 - Feb 11, 1358 A.D : Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah (Aug 3, 1347 to Feb 11, 1358)
1350 : Bahman Shah led his first campaign against Warangal in 1350 and forced its ruler Kapaya Nayaka to cede to him the fortress of Kaulas, who entered into treaty and became friend of Sikandar and loyal to the King.

11th February 1358 to 21st April 1375 A.D : Muhammad Shah-I
He is better known as organizer of Bahmani Kingdom and founder of its institutions.

March 23, 1363 : His attack on Warangal in 1363 brought him a large indemnity, including the important fortress of Golkonda and his Silver throne from his father was replaced by the magnificent Takht-e-Firoza (Turquoise Throne) presented by Kapaya Nayak, which thereafter became the throne of the Bahmani kings.

1368 AD - 1383 AD : Recherla Anavotha nayaka (1361 AD - 1383 AD)
Capital : Rachakonda
1368 AD : Recherla Cheif Anapota Nayaka of Rachakonda defeated and killed Kapaya Nayaka. After avenging their father, Anapota I and Mada I attacked Musunuri Kapaya Nayaka for the control of Warangal fort, they defeated and killed him at Bhimavaram battle in 1368 AD.

19th January A.D. 1380 : Rayavaram, Gazvel
This inscription is on a pillar set up near the Rama temple, dated Saka 1301, Siddharthi, Madhava masa raka tithi, Sura guruvara=Thursday, 19th January, A.D. 1380. The inscription records the excavation of a tank called Rayasamudra for the use of the people. The composer of the inscription was Pochanarayya of the Bharadwaja Gotra.

21st April 1375 - 16th April 1378 A.D : Mujahid Shah

April 16, 1378 - May 21, 1378 AD : Daud Shah I

May 21, 1378 - April 20, 1397 A.D : Muhammad Shah-ll

April 20, 1397 - June 14, 1397 AD : GHIYAS-UD-DIN TAHMATAN SHAH

June 14, 1397 AD - Nov 15, 1397 AD : SHAMS-UD-DIN DAUD SHAH II

Nov 16, 1397 - Sep 22, 1422 A.D : Feroz Shah Bahmani or TAJ-UD-DIN FIROZ SHAH
1418 AD : A Telugu inscription in Tellapur of Medak district dating back to Saka 1340 (1418 AD), engraved on a stone slab kept in between two big pillars outside the village refers to Phirojashah Sultan.

It records construction of a step-well (nadabavi) with a provision for a water-drawing device (etamu) in the Telumganapura by Nagoju and Layyaloju, descendants of Visva-karmarishi and Valla-bhoju, gift of a mango garden situated on the north of a tank by Nagoju and the presentation of a golden chain and a medal to Phiro-jashah Sultan (Surat-rana) by Layyaloju.

Nagoju's elder son Konddaminidi Maloju and his sons Nagoju , Ayyaloju and Vallabhoju. The relationship between Nagoju and Pochoju is not mentioned clearly. Further Konddamindi Malloju's son Nagoju is stated in this inscription as the ' Kuladīpaka '

Mayiloju
Pochoju
Nagoju
Konddamindi Malloju
Nagoju , Ayyaloju and Vallabhoju

Sep 22, 1422 - Apr 17, 1436 A.D : Ahmad Shah I or SHIHAB-UD-DIN AHMAD I

Anna
Wife : Mallamamba
Brothers : Mallaya, Vennaya and Kacha of Yaduvamsa
Sons : Nagaya, Kasavya and Machaya.

Nagaya
Wife : Nagamamba.
Sons : Kachana, Pannaya and Limga

Apr 17, 1436 - May 6, 1458 : Ahmad Shah II or ALA-UD-DIN AHMAD II
Wife : Kasavamba daughter of Recherla Pannaya Nayaka
Daughter : Jayi
1453 AD : Recherla Pannaya Nayaka
19th March, A.D. 1453 : Darpalli, Ramayampet, Medak
It records the excavation of a tank in the village Darapalli named Pamnasamudram, evidently named after the Chief Pamna, ruling from Devadripattana.

20th March, A.D. 1453 : Darapalli, RamayampetThe record introduces a new line of family members, probably scions of the Recharla family. According to the inscription, certain Annasauri, who was an embodiment of all virtues, has four brothers viz. Mallaya, Venna, Kacha and Anavota. Among them Anna Suri was the eldest and had 3 sons through his wife Mallamamba. Namely Nagaya, Kachaya and Machana. Among them, Nagaya had 3 sons viz. Katcha, Pannaya and Linga through his wife Akkamamba. Among them Pannaya was attributed with more titles of virtue which closely resemble those of Recherla vamsa chiefs of Rachakonda and Devarakonda. Pannaya had a daughter by name Kasavamba, who was an embodiment of all virtues and had a beautiful face which resembled the Moon. The record also mentions that Kasavamba married Sultan Allauddin and acquired the status of the queen. It is interesting that a hindu princess married a Sultan, that too from a ruling family during the late mediaeval period. She had a daughter by name Jayi who excavated a canal in the vicinity of the village Daripalli for the merit of all human beings and for the merit of her maternal grandfather. The text was composed by the poet Praudha Bharati.

1509 AD – 1529 AD : Vijayanagara Empire (Tuluva dynasty) - Krishna Deva Raya Rule

1518 AD – 1687 AD : Qutbshahis / Golconda Sultanate

1687 AD - 1724 AD : Mughal Empire

1724 AD - 1948 AD : Asaf Jahis

Papannapet Samsthanam
Ali Jah rose in revolt against his father Nizam Ali Khan, the second Asaf Jah, with the help of Sadasiva Reddy the Medak Jagirdar. Nizam Ali Khan despatched Raymond, a french Commander to proceed against the rebels and subdue them. The Nizam’s army came and pitched their tents at the village of `Chickrin’ and Sadasiva Reddy also went to that place at the head of an army not to fight but to offer his submission. He was, however, suspected and captured while attending the durbar., In the meanwhile, Ali Jah died and Medak was granted to Raymond. Though there was a protest by the British against this grant, no attention was paid to this protest and Raymond took possession of Medak and other areas held by Sadasiva Reddy and he had to pay sixteen lakhs of rupees annually as rent for these areas. This arrangement continued until the death of Raymond in 1798.

Sep 17, 1948 - Oct 31, 1956 : Hyderabad State, India.
25th December 1924 : Medak Cathedral was constructed by Reverend Charles Walker Posnett to feed the poor during famine. From 1914 to 1924 the farmers toiled to erect the church and Thomas Edward Harding, the architect, left no stone unturned in building the cathedral.

1 November, 1956 - 1 June, 2014 : Andhra Pradesh State, India

2 June, 2014 : Telangana

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